Oil-Induced environmental Kuznets curve in organization of petroleum exporting countries (OPEC). Issue 4 (15th March 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Saboori, Behnaz; Al-mulali, Usama; Bin Baba, Maizan; Mohammed, Abdul Hakim
• Is Part Of: International journal of green energy. Volume 13:Issue 4(2016)
• Page Start: 408
• Page End: 416
• Publication Date: 2016-03-15
• Subjects: ARDL cointegration -- ecological footprint -- oil consumption -- OPEC countries -- TYDL causality tests; Power resources -- Research -- Periodicals; Energy industries -- Periodicals; Energy development -- Periodicals; 333.79
• DOI: 10.1080/15435075.2014.961468
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1543-5075

Abstract

ABSTRACT: This study investigates the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in 10 of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (OPEC). To realize the study's aims a time series model is built based on the period 1977–2008, utilizing the ecological footprint as an environmental indicator and income, labour, capital, oil consumption and oil price as economic indicators. Employing the Autoregressive Distributed Lag (ARDL) approach, by comparing the short and long-run income elasticities, the EKC hypothesis is present in six OPEC countries namely Algeria, Iraq, Venezuela, Nigeria, Qatar and Kuwait. Moreover, the Toda–Yamamoto–Dolado–Lütkepohl (TYDL) causality tests outcome show that, after oil consumption, the most significant factors in increasing ecological footprint are labor and capital. This implies the relocation of pollution intensive industries to almost all of the OPEC countries. However, oil prices reduce environmental damage by its negative effect on the ecological footprint. From the outcome of this study it is important for the investigated countries to reduce their consumption of fossil fuel energy since it represents an important source of pollution. This can be achieved by allocating more labor and capital in projects and investments on renewable energy, energy efficiency and energy saving.