An electrochemical sensor based on fullerene nanorods for the detection of paraben, an endocrine disruptor. Issue 28 (7th July 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rather, Jahangir Ahmad; Al Harthi, Abir Jumaa; Khudaish, Emad A.; Qurashi, Ahsanulhaq; Munam, Abdul; Kannan, Palanisamy
• Is Part Of: Analytical methods. Volume 8:Issue 28(2016)
• Page Start: 5690
• Page End: 5700
• Publication Date: 2016-07-07
• Subjects: Chemistry, Analytic -- Periodicals; Analytical biochemistry -- Periodicals; Chemical laboratories -- Standards -- Periodicals; 543.1905
• DOI: 10.1039/c6ay01489e
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1759-9660

Abstract

Abstract : We have synthesized, characterized and immobilized C60 NRs at GCE–Ph–NH2 interface by N–H addition reaction across π-bonds of fullerene (C60 ). The ERC60 NRs–NH–Ph–GCE sensor shows high electrocatalytic activity towards the detection of ethylparaben. Abstract : In the present work, fullerene nanorods (C60 NRs) were synthesized by liquid–liquid interface and characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, field emission electron microscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The C60 NRs were covalently immobilized on the surface of a glassy carbon electrode (GCE) using surface bound diazonium salts as an interface. This method involves electrografting of the p -nitrophenyl diazonium salt at the GCE to give the nitrophenyl-modified electrode (GCE–Ph–NO2 ). The nitrophenyl groups of the GCE–Ph–NO2 modified electrode were reduced to phenylamine groups (GCE–Ph–NH2 ) using an aqueous solution of the sodium borohydride/gold–polyaniline (NaBH4 /Au–PANI) system. The C60 NRs were covalently immobilized on the surface of GCE–Ph–NH2 via an N–H addition reaction across the π-bond of C60 . The functionalized fullerene nanorod (C60 NRs–NH–Ph–GCE) modified electrode was electrochemically reduced in 1.0 M potassium hydroxide (KOH) to produce a highly conductive electrochemically reduced fullerene nanorod (ERC60 NRs–NH–Ph–GCE) sensor. The developed sensor shows high electrocatalytic activity for the detection of ethylparaben (EP) over a concentration range from 0.01–0.52 μM with a detection limit (LOD) of 3.8 nM (0.0038 μM). In addition, the ERC60 NRs–NH–Ph–GCE sensor was also tested for EP in real sample analysis using the standard addition method where the total concentration of EP was found to be 0.011 μM (0.12%) within the permissible limit of 0.19%.