Clinical relevance of cyclooxygenase 2 and peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ in eyelid sebaceous gland carcinoma. Issue 2 (26th February 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Jayaraj, Perumal; Sen, Seema; Bhattacharya, Tanaya; Arora, Juhi; Yadav, Sameeksha; Chhoker, Varsha; Kumar, Abhishek; Dhanaraj, Pakitapillil S; Yadavilli, Kameshwar S.; Verma, Mansi
• Is Part Of: Histopathology. Volume 69:Issue 2(2016)
• Page Start: 268
• Page End: 275
• Publication Date: 2016-02-26
• Subjects: cyclooxygenase 2 -- eyelid -- peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor γ -- sebaceous gland carcinoma; Histology, Pathological -- Periodicals; 611.018
• DOI: 10.1111/his.12932
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0309-0167

Abstract

Abstract : Aims: Sebaceous gland carcinoma (SGC) is a malignancy associated with the pilosebaceous unit, and occurs at ocular or non‐ocular sites. Cyclooxygenases (COXs) are enzymes that are crucial for lipid metabolism. COX‐2 is overexpressed in various cancers, and its inhibition by non‐steroidal anti‐inflammatory drugs is known to reduce the risk of many cancers. Peroxisome proliferator‐activated receptor (PPAR)‐γ is a transcription factor involved in adipogenesis. PPAR‐γ is a potential therapeutic target for the treatment of malignant tumours, including colon carcinoma. The aim of this study was to explore the status of COX‐2 and PPAR‐γ as prognostic markers in human eyelid SGC. Methods and results: The immunohistochemical expression of COX‐2 and PPAR‐γ was evaluated in 31 SGC cases. Cytoplasmic expression of COX‐2 was detected in 80% of the SGC cases, and nuclear expression of PPAR‐γ in 87%. There were significant correlations of PPAR‐γ expression with well‐differentiated SGC [19/21 (90%)] and of COX‐2 overexpression with reduced disease‐free survival ( P = 0.0441, log rank analysis). COX‐2 expression [odds ratio (OR) 3.82, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02–14.33, P = 0.046] and lymph node metastasis (OR 0.17, 95% CI 0.04–0.65, P = 0.009) emerged as significant risk factors in the univariate analysis. However, COX‐2 expression did not emerge as a significant independent prognostic factor in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: COX‐2 is a potential marker for identifying high‐risk SGC patients. Expression of PPAR‐γ in eyelid SGC cases reflects terminal sebaceous differentiation. Inhibitors of COX‐2 signalling and PPAR‐γ agonists are both prospective novel therapeutic targets in the management of eyelid SGC patients.