The rock–paper–scissors game. Issue 2 (2nd April 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zhou, Hai-Jun
• Is Part Of: Contemporary physics. Volume 57:Issue 2(2016)
• Page Start: 151
• Page End: 163
• Publication Date: 2016-04-02
• Subjects: cyclic dominance -- non-cooperative game -- decision making -- social cycling -- conditional response -- non-equilibrium; Physics -- Periodicals; 530
• DOI: 10.1080/00107514.2015.1026556
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0010-7514

Abstract

Abstract : Rock–Paper–Scissors (RPS), a game of cyclic dominance, is not merely a popular children's game but also a basic model system for studying decision-making in non-cooperative strategic interactions. Aimed at students of physics with no background in game theory, this paper introduces the concepts of Nash equilibrium and evolutionarily stable strategy, and reviews some recent theoretical and empirical efforts on the non-equilibrium properties of the iterated RPS, including collective cycling, conditional response patterns and microscopic mechanisms that facilitate cooperation. We also introduce several dynamical processes to illustrate the applications of RPS as a simplified model of species competition in ecological systems and price cycling in economic markets.