Novel anti-inflammatory therapies for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Issue 2 (June 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Khan, Razi; Spagnoli, Vincent; Tardif, Jean-Claude; L'Allier, Philippe L.
• Is Part Of: Atherosclerosis. Volume 240:Issue 2(2015)
• Page Start: 497
• Page End: 509
• Publication Date: 2015-06
• Subjects: Interleukin-1β -- 5-Lipoxygenase -- P-Selectin -- Serpin -- Colchicine -- Intravenous HDL; Arteriosclerosis -- Periodicals; Electronic journals; 616.136
• DOI: 10.1016/j.atherosclerosis.2015.04.783
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0021-9150

Abstract

Abstract: The underlying role of inflammation in atherosclerosis has been characterized. However, current treatment of coronary artery disease (CAD) predominantly consists of targeted reductions in serum lipoprotein levels rather than combating the deleterious effects of acute and chronic inflammation. Vascular inflammation acts by a number of different molecular and cellular pathways to contribute to atherogenesis. Over the last decades, both basic studies and clinical trials have provided evidence for the potential benefits of treatment of inflammation in CAD. During this period, development of pharmacotherapies directed towards inflammation in atherosclerosis has accelerated quickly. This review will highlight specific therapies targeting interleukin-1β (IL-1β), P-selectin and 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO). It will also aim to examine the anti-inflammatory effects of serpin administration, colchicine and intravenous HDL-directed treatment of CAD. We summarize the mechanistic rationale and evidence for these novel anti-inflammatory treatments at both the experimental and clinical levels. Highlights: Inflammation acts by different pathways to contribute to atherogenesis. Clinical trials of novel anti-inflammatories suggested their potential utility for CAD. IL-1β, Il-6, P-selectin, 5-LO and TNF-α are possible targets of therapy. Immune cells, serpin, colchicine, methotrexate and HDL may reduce atherosclerosis.