Lactide Synthesis and Chirality Control for Polylactic acid Production. Issue 9 (13th April 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Van Wouwe, Pieter; Dusselier, Michiel; Vanleeuw, Evelien; Sels, Bert
• Is Part Of: ChemSusChem. Volume 9:Issue 9(2016:May)
• Page Start: 907
• Page End: 921
• Publication Date: 2016-04-13
• Subjects: chirality -- enzymes -- polylactic acid -- renewable polymers -- zeolites; Green chemistry -- Periodicals; Sustainable engineering -- Periodicals; Chemistry -- Periodicals; Chemical engineering -- Periodicals; 660
• DOI: 10.1002/cssc.201501695
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1864-5631

Abstract

Abstract: Polylactic acid (PLA) is a very promising biodegradable, renewable, and biocompatible polymer. Aside from its production, its application field is also increasing, with use not only in commodity applications but also as durables and in biomedicine. In the current PLA production scheme, the most expensive part is not the polymerization itself but obtaining the building blocks lactic acid (LA) and lactide, the actual cyclic monomer for polymerization. Although the synthesis of LA and the polymerization have been studied systematically, reports of lactide synthesis are scarce. Most lactide synthesis methods are described in patent literature, and current energy‐intensive, aselective industrial processes are based on archaic scientific literature. This Review, therefore, highlights new methods with a technical comparison and description of the different approaches. Water‐removal methodologies are compared, as this is a crucial factor in PLA production. Apart from the synthesis of lactide, this Review also emphasizes the use of chemically produced racemic lactic acid (esters) as a starting point in the PLA production scheme. Stereochemically tailored PLA can be produced according to such a strategy, giving access to various polymer properties. Abstract : Get the monomer, control the stereochemistry : For the industrial production of polylactic acid (PLA), with tailored properties, the key steps are the production of the lactide monomer, and controlling the stereochemistry in the PLA production scheme. This Review discusses industrial and new lactide production methods and provides an overview of strategies to act on the PLA stereochemistry and, consequently, the final polymer properties.