Oxysterols and mechanisms of survival signaling. (June 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Vurusaner, Beyza; Leonarduzzi, Gabriella; Gamba, Paola; Poli, Giuseppe; Basaga, Huveyda
• Is Part Of: Molecular aspects of medicine. Volume 49(2016)
• Page Start: 8
• Page End: 22
• Publication Date: 2016-06
• Subjects: Oxysterols -- Survival -- Nrf2 -- Autophagy; 5, 6-S 5, 6-secosterol -- 24OH 24-hydroxycholesterol -- 25OH 25-hydroxycholesterol -- 27OH 27-hydroxycholesterol -- 7K 7-ketocholesterol -- 7βOH 7β-hydroxycholesterol -- AGE advanced glycation end products -- AMPK AMP-activated protein kinase -- AP-1 activator protein-1 -- ARE antioxidant response element -- ASK apoptosis signal-regulating kinase -- ATF activating transcription factor -- Aβ amyloid-β -- CHOP CEBP-homologous protein -- CREB cyclic AMP response element binding protein -- DAG diacylglycerol -- DAPK death associated protein kinase -- EGF epidermal growth factor -- EIF2α eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2α -- ER endoplasmic reticulum -- ERK extracellular signal-regulated kinase -- FGF fibroblast growth factor -- GRP78 glucose-regulated protein 78 -- GSK3 glycogen synthase kinase 3 -- HNE 4-hydroxynonenal -- HO-1 heme oxygenase 1 -- HUVEC human umbilical-vein endothelial cell -- ICAM-1 intercellular adhesion molecule 1 -- IGFBP1 insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 1 -- IKK inhibitory κB kinase -- IL interleukin -- IP3 inositol 1, 4, 5-triphosphate -- IRE1 inositol requiring protein-1 -- JNK c-Jun N-terminal kinase -- Keap1 Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 -- LOX-1 lectin-like oxLDL scavenger receptor 1 -- LXR liver X receptor -- MAPK mitogen-activated protein kinase -- MAPKK MAPK kinase -- MAPKKK MAPK kinase kinase -- MCP-1 monocyte chemotactic protein 1 -- MEK mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK kinase -- Mnk MAPK interacting kinase -- mTOR mammalian target of rapamycin -- NF-κB nuclear factor κB -- NOX NADPH oxidase -- NQO-1 NADPH:quinone oxidoreductase 1 -- Nrf2 nuclear erythroid 2-related factor 2 -- OSBP oxysterol-binding protein -- oxLDL oxidized low density lipoprotein -- oxPAPC oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine -- PDGF platelet-derived growth factor -- PDK 3-phosphoinositide-dependent protein kinase -- PERK protein kinase RNA-like ER kinase -- PI3K phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase -- PIP2, PIP3 phosphatidyl inositol di/triphosphate -- PK protein kinase -- PLC phospholipase C -- PM plasma membrane -- PP2A protein phosphatase 2A -- PPAR peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor -- RNS reactive nitrogen species -- ROS reactive oxygen species -- RTK receptor tyrosine kinase -- RXR retinoid X receptor -- SCAP SREBP cleavage activating protein -- SMC smooth muscle cell -- Smo Smoothened transducer -- S1P sphingosine 1-phosphate -- SREBP sterol regulatory element binding protein -- TLR Toll like receptor -- Triol cholestan-3β, 5α, 6β-triol -- UPR unfolded protein response -- VCAM-1 vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 -- VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor -- XBP1 X-box-binding protein 1; Pathology, Molecular -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Biochemistry -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; Molecular Biology -- Periodicals; Pathologie moléculaire -- Périodiques; Médecine -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 612.015
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mam.2016.02.004
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0098-2997

Abstract

Abstract: Oxysterols, a family of oxidation products of cholesterol, are increasingly drawing attention of scientists to their multifaceted biochemical properties, several of them of clear relevance to human pathophysiology. Taken up by cells through both vesicular and non-vesicular ways or often generated intracellularly, oxysterols contribute to modulate not only the inflammatory and immunological response but also cell viability, metabolism and function by modulating several signaling pathways. Moreover, they have been recognized as elective ligands for the most important nuclear receptors. The outcome of such a complex network of intracellular reactions promoted by these cholesterol oxidation products appears to be largely dependent not only on the type of cells, the dynamic conditions of the cellular and tissue environment but also on the concentration of the oxysterols. Here focus has been given to the cascade of molecular events exerted by relatively low concentrations of certain oxysterols that elicit survival and functional signals in the cells, with the aim to contribute to further expand the knowledge about the biological and physiological potential of the biochemical reactions triggered and modulated by oxysterols.