A review on chitosan-based flocculants and their applications in water treatment. (15th May 2016) - Yang, Ran
Abstract: In recent years, the use of chitosan and its derivatives as flocculants in water treatment has received considerable attention due to their many advantages, including their widespread availability, environmental friendliness, biodegradability, and prominent structural features. However, it is a significant strategy for selection and design of the high-performance materials on the basis of their structure-activity relationships. Here we describe several of the chemical modification methods commonly used to prepare chitosan-based flocculants. These methods allow convenient control and adjustment of the structures of the obtained materials to meet the different practical requirements. The influence of structural elements of the chitosan-based flocculants on their flocculation properties are emphasized in this review by examining different flocculation mechanisms and their applications in the treatment of various wastewaters containing different pollutants (insoluble suspended colloids but also dissolved matters). Above all, the chitosan-based flocculants with proper structures by precise structure control bear great application potentials in water treatment. Graphical abstract: Highlights: Structure effects of chitosan-based flocculants on their flocculation performance. Various flocculation mechanisms by chitosan-based flocculants. Commonly used chemical modification methods for chitosan-based flocculants. Applications of chitosan-based flocculants in treatment of various wastewaters. Structure-activity relationship of chitosan-based flocculants.