Exosomes for repair, regeneration and rejuvenation. (2nd April 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Basu, Joydeep; Ludlow, John W.
• Is Part Of: Expert opinion on biological therapy. Volume 16:Number 4(2016:Apr.)
• Page Start: 489
• Page End: 506
• Publication Date: 2016-04-02
• Subjects: Exosome -- micro-vesicle -- extra-cellular vesicle -- cell therapy -- tissue engineering -- regenerative medicine -- stem cell -- progenitor cell -- organogenesis -- morphogen -- manufacturing -- quality control -- regulatory; Gene therapy -- Periodicals; Protein drugs -- Periodicals; Peptide drugs -- Periodicals; Immunotherapy -- Periodicals; Drug delivery systems -- Periodicals; 615.5
• DOI: 10.1517/14712598.2016.1131976
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1471-2598

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Introduction : Application of regenerative medicine strategies for repair of organs/tissue impacted by chronic disease is an active subject for product development. Such methodologies emphasize the role of stem cells as the active biological ingredient. However, recent developments in elucidating mechanisms of action of these therapies have focused on the role of paracrine, 'action-at-a-distance' modus operandi in mediating the ability to catalyze regenerative outcomes without significant site-specific engraftment. A salient component of this secreted regenerative milieu are exosomes: 40–100 nm intraluminal vesicles that mediate transfer of proteins and nucleic acids across cellular boundaries. Areas covered : Here, we synthesize recent studies from PubMed and Google Scholar highlighting how cell-based therapeutics and cosmeceutics are transitioning towards the secretome generally and exosomes specifically as a principal modulator of regenerative outcomes. Expert o pinion : Exosomes contribute to organ development and mediate regenerative outcomes in injury and disease that recapitulate observed bioactivity of stem cell populations. Encapsulation of the active biological ingredients of regeneration within non-living exosome carriers may offer process, manufacturing and regulatory advantages over stem cell-based therapies.