Physiology of Ca2+ signalling in stem cells of different origins and differentiation stages. Issue 2 (March 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Forostyak, Oksana; Forostyak, Serhiy; Kortus, Stepan; Sykova, Eva; Verkhratsky, Alexei; Dayanithi, Govindan
• Is Part Of: Cell calcium. Volume 59:Issue 2/3(2016)
• Page Start: 57
• Page End: 66
• Publication Date: 2016-03
• Subjects: AMSCs adipose mesenchymal stem/stromal cells -- AVP arginine vasopressin -- ATP adenosine-5′-triphosphate -- BM bone marrow -- BMSCs bone marrow stem/stromal cells -- [Ca2+]i intracellular Ca2+ concentration -- CNS central nervous system -- CPA cyclopiazonic acid -- EC embryonal carcinoma -- ER endoplasmic reticulum -- ESCs embryonic stem cells -- GABA gamma-aminobutyric acid -- HVA high voltage-activated -- hESCs human embryonic SCs -- hESC-NPs hESC-derived neural precursors -- iPSCs induced pluripotent stem cells -- InsP3R inositol-1, 4, 5-trisphosphate receptor -- LVA low voltage activated -- MSCs mesenchymal stem/stromal cells -- NCX Na+/Ca2+ exchanger -- NGF nerve growth factor -- OT oxytocin -- pAMSCs pre-differentiated AMSCs -- pBMSCs pre-differentiated BMSCs -- PLC Phospolipase-C -- PMCAs plasmamembrane-Ca2+-ATPase -- rMSCs rat mesenchymal stem/stromal cells -- ROCC receptor-operated Ca2+ channels -- RyR ryanodine receptor -- SCs stem cells -- SERCA sarcoendoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase -- SOCs store-operated Ca2+ channels -- uAMSCs undifferentiated AMSCs -- uBMSCs undifferentiated BMSCs -- uSCs undifferentiated SCs -- LVA voltage-activated -- VEGF vascular endothelial growth factor -- VGCC voltage-gated Ca2+ channels; Stem cells -- Ca2+ channels -- Ca2+ signalling -- Spontaneous Ca2+ oscillations -- Intracellular [Ca2+]i stores -- Inositol trisphosphate -- Ryanodine receptors -- Glutamate -- Purinergic receptors -- Vasopressin -- Oxytocin -- Human embryonic stem cells -- Neural precursors -- Bone marrow mesenchymal stromal cells -- Adipose tissue derived mesenchymal stromal stem cells -- Human induced pluripotent stem cells -- Cell differentiation -- Neurodegeneration -- Cell therapy -- Transplantation; Calcium -- Metabolism -- Periodicals; Vertebrates -- Physiology -- Periodicals; Calcium -- Physiological effect -- Periodicals; Cell physiology -- Periodicals; Calcium in the body -- Periodicals; 572.516
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ceca.2016.02.001
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0143-4160

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Highlights: The fate and function of stem cells are driven by intrinsic mechanisms. Stem cells express specific ion channels, receptors and signalling cascades. The profile of ion channels and receptors is altered during differentiation. The physiology of differentiated cells depends on the origin of their progenitors. Abstract: Stem cells (SCs) of different origins have brought hope as potential tools for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Calcium signalling plays a key role in SC differentiation and proliferation, and dysregulation of Ca 2+ homeostasis may instigate pathological scenarios. Currently, the role of ion channels and receptors in SCs is not fully understood. In the recent years, we found that (i) the pre-differentiation of human embryonic SCs (hESCs) led to the activation of Ca 2+ signalling cascades and enhanced the functional activities of these cells, (ii) the Ca 2+ homeostasis and the physiological properties of hESC-derived neural precursors (NPs) changed during long term propagation in vitro, (iii) differentiation of NPs derived from human induced pluripotent SCs affects the expression of ion channels and receptors, (iv) these neuronal precursors exhibited spontaneous activity, indicating that their electrophysiological and Ca 2+ handling properties are similar to those of mature neurones, and (v) in mesenchymal SCs isolated from the adipose tissue and bone marrow of rats the expression profile of ion channels and receptors depends not only on the differentiation conditions but also on the source from which the cells were isolated, indicating that the fate and functional properties of the differentiated cells are driven by intrinsic mechanisms. Together, identification and assignment of a unique ion channel and a Ca 2+ handling footprint for each cell type would be necessary to qualify them as physiologically suitable for medical research, drug screening, and cell therapy.