The hallucinogenic diterpene salvinorin A inhibits leukotriene synthesis in experimental models of inflammation. (April 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rossi, Antonietta; Pace, Simona; Tedesco, Federica; Pagano, Ester; Guerra, Germano; Troisi, Fabiana; Werner, Markus; Roviezzo, Fiorentina; Zjawiony, Jordan K.; Werz, Oliver; Izzo, Angelo A.; Capasso, Raffaele
• Is Part Of: Pharmacological research. Volume 106(2016:Apr.)
• Page Start: 64
• Page End: 71
• Publication Date: 2016-04
• Subjects: 5-LO 5-lipoxygenase -- AA arachidonic acid -- cys-LTs cysteinyl-leukotrienes -- DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide -- EIA enzyme immunoassay -- H&E hematoxylin and eosin -- HPLC high-performance liquid chromatography -- IL-10 interleukin 10 -- LPS lipopolysaccharide -- LT leukotrienes -- KOR k-opioid receptors -- MPO myeloperoxidase -- PBS phosphate-buffered saline -- PM peritoneal macrophage -- PMNLs polymorphonuclear leukocytes -- RIA radioimmunoassay -- SA salvinorin A -- TNF-α tumor necrosis factor-α; Ca2+-ionophore A23187 (PubChem CID: 11957499) -- Leukotriene B4 (PubMed CID: 5280492) -- Leukotriene C4 (PubMed CID: 5283121) -- Prostaglandin E2 (PubChem CID: 5280360) -- Zymosan (PubMed CID:11375554); Leukotrienes -- Salvinorin A -- Inflammation -- Peritonitis -- Pleurisy; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; Pharmacology -- Periodicals; Research -- Periodicals; Médicaments -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Pharmacologie -- Périodiques; 615.105
• DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2016.01.032
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1043-6618

Abstract

Graphical abstract: Abstract: Leukotrienes (LTs) are lipid mediators derived from arachidonic acid (AA) involved in a number of autoimmune/inflammatory disorders including asthma, allergic rhinitis and cardiovascular diseases. Salvinorin A (SA), a diterpene isolated from the hallucinogenic plant Salvia divinorum, is a well-established analgesic compound, but its anti-inflammatory properties are under-researched and its effects on LT production is unknown to date. Here, we studied the possible effect of SA on LT production and verified its actions on experimental models of inflammation in which LTs play a prominent role. Peritoneal macrophages (PM) stimulated by calcium ionophore A23187 were chosen as in vitro system to evaluate the effect of SA on LT production. Zymosan-induced peritonitis in mice and carrageenan-induced pleurisy in rats were selected as LT-related models to evaluate the effect of SA on inflammation as well as on LT biosynthesis. SA inhibited, in a concentration-dependent manner, A23187-induced LTB4 biosynthesis in isolated PM. In zymosan-induced peritonitis, SA inhibited cell infiltration, myeloperoxidase activity, vascular permeability and LTC4 production in the peritoneal cavity without decreasing the production of prostaglandin E2 . In carrageenan-induced pleurisy in rats, a more sophisticated model of acute inflammation related to LTs, SA significantly inhibited LTB4 production in the inflammatory exudates, along with reducing the phlogistic process in the lung. In conclusion, SA inhibited LT production and it was effective in experimental models of inflammation in which LTs play a pivotal role. SA might be considered as a lead compound for the development of drugs useful in LTs-related diseases.