Inflammatory mechanisms of pulmonary injury induced by mustards. (26th February 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Malaviya, Rama; Sunil, Vasanthi R.; Venosa, Alessandro; Vayas, Kinal N.; Heck, Diane E.; Laskin, Jeffrey D.; Laskin, Debra L.
• Is Part Of: Toxicology letters. Volume 244(2016)
• Page Start: 2
• Page End: 7
• Publication Date: 2016-02-26
• Subjects: Vesicant -- Pulmonary toxicity -- Lung injury -- TNFα -- iNOS; Toxicology -- Periodicals; 363.179
• DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2015.10.011
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0378-4274

Abstract

Highlights: Pulmonary exposure to mustards causes acute injury which progresses to fibrosis. Macrophages and mediators they release play role in acute toxicity and fibrosis induced by mustards. Targeting reactive nitrogen species and TNFα may be useful in mitigating the toxic effects of mustards. Abstract: Exposure of humans and animals to vesicants, including sulfur mustard (SM) and nitrogen mustard (NM), causes severe and debilitating damage to the respiratory tract. Both acute and long term pathological consequences are observed in the lung following a single exposure to these vesicants. Evidence from our laboratories and others suggest that macrophages and the inflammatory mediators they release play an important role in mustard-induced lung injury. In this paper, the pathogenic effects of SM and NM on the lung are reviewed, along with the potential role of inflammatory macrophages and mediators they release in mustard-induced pulmonary toxicity.