Porphyromonas gingivalis infection modifies oral microcirculation and aortic vascular function in the stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP). (March 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Funaki, Seiko; Tokutomi, Fumiaki; Wada-Takahashi, Satoko; Yoshino, Fumihiko; Yoshida, Ayaka; Maehata, Yojiro; Miyamoto, Chihiro; Toyama, Toshizo; Sato, Takenori; Hamada, Nobushiro; Lee, Masaichi Chang-il; Takahashi, Shun-suke
• Is Part Of: Microbial pathogenesis. Volume 92(2016)
• Page Start: 36
• Page End: 42
• Publication Date: 2016-03
• Subjects: Gingival blood flow -- Stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) -- Periodontitis -- Gingival reactive hyperemia -- Laser Doppler flowmetry -- Reactive oxygen species (ROS); Pathogenic microorganisms -- Periodicals; Pathology, Molecular -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- microbiology -- Periodicals; Communicable Diseases -- parasitology -- Periodicals; Micro-organismes pathogènes -- Périodiques; Pathologie moléculaire -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 616.9041
• DOI: 10.1016/j.micpath.2015.12.009
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0882-4010

Abstract

Abstract: The functional modulation of vascular endothelial cells associated with stroke and periodontal disease has not yet been clarified. The objective of this study is to analyze the vascular endothelial function of periodontitis and stroke animal models. We examined endothelial function and gingival blood flow in oral microcirculation in vivo and measured the isometric tension in vitro of the aorta in animal models for lifestyle-related diseases, such as periodontitis and stroke. Gingival reactive hyperemia (GRH) was measured using laser Doppler flowmetry. Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY) were used as control animals; Porphyromonas gingivalis ( P. gingivalis ) infected WKY (WKY + Pg ) as the periodontitis model; stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP) as the stroke model; and a final group consisting of P. gingivalis infected SHRSP (SHRSP + Pg ). Furthermore, for each group, the relaxation of descending aortic ring preparations was measured using a force transducer. The GRH was estimated by maximum response (peak), time taken for the maximum response to fall to one half (T1/2 ), and increased total amount of blood flow (mass). The relative change in T1/2 and mass increased in SHRSP + Pg compared to WKY. However, mass significantly increased in WKY (758.59 ± 88.21 ml/min/100 g s to 1755.55 ± 226.10 ml/min/100 g s) and SHRSP (1214.87 ± 141.61 ml/min/100 g s to 2674.32 ± 675.48 ml/min/100 g s) after treatment with acetylcholine. In addition, T1/2 and mass significantly increased in WKY + Pg (624.18 ± 96.36 ml/min/100 g s to 2629.90 ± 612.01 ml/min/100 g s) and SHRSP + Pg (1116.36 ± 206.24 ml/min/100 g s to 1952.76 ± 217.39 ml/min/100 g s) after treatment with nitroglycerin. Furthermore, the endothelium-dependent relaxation of ring preparations, evoked by acetylcholine, was attenuated in SHRSP compared with WKY, but not in SHRSP + Pg . This attenuation effect in SHRSP could be prevented by superoxide dismutase pretreatment. Our results suggest altered endothelial function may occur in gingival tissue in animal models experiencing both periodontitis and stroke. Therefore, these results indicate the disruption of vascular function in oral microcirculation may be caused by the interaction between the oxidative stress induced by periodontitis and nitric oxide in periodontitis, similar to the interactions present in stroke cases. Highlights: The endothelial functions were evaluated both in vivo and in vitro . There were alterations in oral vascular function in periodontitis and stroke. Oxidative stress may affect the vascular functions in periodontitis and stroke.