Magnetic nanocomposite scaffolds combined with static magnetic field in the stimulation of osteoblastic differentiation and bone formation. (April 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Yun, Hyung-Mun; Ahn, Su-Jin; Park, Kyung-Ran; Kim, Mi-Joo; Kim, Jung-Ju; Jin, Guang-Zhen; Kim, Hae-Won; Kim, Eun-Cheol
• Is Part Of: Biomaterials. Volume 85(2016)
• Page Start: 88
• Page End: 98
• Publication Date: 2016-04
• Subjects: Magnetic scaffolds -- Static magnetic field -- Osteoblastic differentiation -- Angiogenesis -- Bone regeneration; Biomedical materials -- Periodicals; Biocompatible Materials -- Periodicals; Biomatériaux -- Périodiques; 610.28
• DOI: 10.1016/j.biomaterials.2016.01.035
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0142-9612

Abstract

Abstract: Magnetism has recently been implicated to play significant roles in the regulation of cell responses. Allowing cells to experience a magnetic field applied externally or scaffolding them in a material with intrinsic magnetic properties has been a possible way of utilizing magnetism. Here we aim to investigate the combined effects of the external static magnetic field (SMF) with magnetic nanocomposite scaffold made of polycaprolactone/magnetic nanoparticles on the osteoblastic functions and bone formation. The SMF synergized with the magnetic scaffolds in the osteoblastic differentiation of primary mouse calvarium osteoblasts, including the expression of bone-associated genes (Runx2 and Osterix) and alkaline phosphatase activity. The synergism was demonstrated in the activation of integrin signaling pathways, such as focal adhesion kinase, paxillin, RhoA, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and nuclear factor-kappaB, as well as in the up-regulation of bone morphogenetic protein-2 and phosphorylation of Smad1/5/8. Furthermore, the SMF/magnetic scaffold-stimulated osteoblasts promoted the angiogenic responses of endothelial cells, including the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor and angiogenin-1 genes and the formation of capillary tubes. When the magnetic scaffolds were implanted in mouse calvarium defects, the application of SMF significantly enhanced the new bone formation at 6 weeks, as revealed by the histological and micro-computed tomographic analyses. Current findings suggest that the combinatory application of external (SMF) and internal (scaffold) magnetism can be a promising tool to regenerative engineering of bone.