Porous Ge@C materials via twin polymerization of germanium(ii) salicyl alcoholates for Li-ion batteries. Issue 7 (1st February 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Kitschke, Philipp; Walter, Marc; Rüffer, Tobias; Seifert, Andreas; Speck, Florian; Seyller, Thomas; Spange, Stefan; Lang, Heinrich; Auer, Alexander A.; Kovalenko, Maksym V.; Mehring, Michael
• Is Part Of: Journal of materials chemistry. Volume 4:Issue 7(2016)
• Page Start: 2705
• Page End: 2719
• Publication Date: 2016-02-01
• Subjects: Materials -- Research -- Periodicals; Chemistry, Analytic -- Periodicals; Environmental sciences -- Research -- Periodicals; 543.0284
• DOI: 10.1039/c5ta09891b
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2050-7488

Abstract

Abstract : Porous Ge@C materials as anode materials for Li-ion batteries were synthesized by the novel concept of twin polymerization starting from germylenes based on salicyl alcoholates. Abstract : The germylenes, germanium(ii ) 2-(oxidomethyl)phenolate (1 ), germanium(ii ) 4-methyl-2-(oxidomethyl)phenolate (2 ) and germanium(ii ) 4-bromo-2-(oxidomethyl)phenolate (3 ) were synthesized and their thermally induced twin polymerization to give organic–inorganic hybrid materials was studied. The compounds1–3 form oligomers including dimers, trimers and tetramers as a result of intermolecular coordination of the benzylic oxygen atom to germanium. The structural motifs were studied by single crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and DFT-D calculations. Thermally induced twin polymerization of these germylenes gave hybrid materials based on germanium-containing phenolic resins. Carbonization of these resins under reductive conditions resulted in porous materials that are composed of germanium and carbon (Ge@C materials), while oxidation with air provided non-porous germanium dioxide. The porous Ge@C materials were tested as potential anode materials for rechargeable Li-ion batteries. Reversible capacities of 540 mA h g −1 were obtained at a current density of 346 mA g −1 without apparent fading for 100 cycles, which demonstrates that germanium is well accessible in the hybrid material.