Materials design at the interface of nanoparticles and innate immunity. Issue 9 (4th February 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Szeto, Gregory L.; Lavik, Erin B.
• Is Part Of: Journal of materials chemistry. Volume 4:Issue 9(2016)
• Page Start: 1610
• Page End: 1618
• Publication Date: 2016-02-04
• Subjects: Materials -- Periodicals; Chemistry, Analytic -- Periodicals; Biomedical materials -- Research -- Periodicals; 543.0284
• DOI: 10.1039/c5tb01825k
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 2050-750X

Abstract

Abstract : Engineered nanoparticle platforms have been developed intensely in recent years, yielding significantly broadened applications from interrogating novel biology to new therapies. Using these platforms requires improved understanding of design rules to improve our ability to control nanoparticle-immune system interactions. Abstract : Engineered nanoparticle platforms have been developed intensely in recent years, yielding significantly broadened applications from interrogating novel biology to new therapies. The mammalian immune system has emerged as perhaps the most powerful physiological system where nanoparticle design parameters have drastic implications for nanoparticle fate and function. In particular, the innate immune system is a major concern due to its role as the first-line defense against foreign invaders, responsible for initiating and maintaining the innate immune response as well as priming the adaptive immune response. Understanding how nanoparticles are perceived from a biological perspective is crucial to informing their design with different immunogenic, immunosuppressive, or stealth properties. Nanoparticles are particularly susceptible to innate immune responses such as opsonization and recognition by receptors that enable phagocytic uptake or evoke strong inflammatory responses due to the recognition of various "danger" signals. In this review, we will summarize some of the key advances in our understanding of how physical and biochemical parameters of nanoparticles interact with innate immunity, and note potential opportunities and emerging frontiers for controlling and evaluating nanoparticle–immune interactions.