City as a geopolitics: Tbilisi, Georgia — A globalizing metropolis in a turbulent region. (March 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Salukvadze, Joseph; Golubchikov, Oleg
• Is Part Of: Cities. Volume 52(2016)
• Page Start: 39
• Page End: 54
• Publication Date: 2016-03
• Subjects: Post-socialist city -- Post-Soviet city -- Transition -- Urban planning -- Urban governance -- Tbilisi; City planning -- Periodicals; Urban policy -- Periodicals; 711.4
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2015.11.013
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0264-2751

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Tbilisi, a city of over a million, is the national capital of Georgia. Although little explored in urban studies, the city epitomizes a fascinating assemblage of processes that can illuminate the interplay of geopolitics, political choices, globalization discourses, histories, and urban contestations in shaping urban transformations. Tbilisi's strategic location in the South Caucasus, at the juncture of major historical empires and religions in Eurasia, has ensured its turbulent history and a polyphony of cultural influences. Following Georgia's independence in 1991, Tbilisi found itself as the pivot of Georgian nation-building. Transition to a market economy also exposed the city to economic hardship, ethnical homogenization, and the informalization of the urban environment. The economic recovery since the early 2000s has activated urban regeneration. Georgia's government has recently promoted flagship urban development projects in pursuit of making Tbilisi as a modern globalizing metropolis. This has brought contradictions, such as undermining the city's heritage, contributing to socio-spatial polarization, and deteriorating the city's public spaces. The elitist processes of decision-making and a lack of a consistent urban policy and planning regimes are argued to be among major impediments for a more sustainable development of this city. Highlights: Tbilisi has been strategically positioned at the intersection of major geopolitical interests in the South Caucasus. Transition to a market democracy has been a painful period, causing ethnical homogenisation and economic impoverishment. In the wake of economic recovery, state government has focused on flagship projects and urban regeneration. Old Tbilisi is losing its heritage due to historic buildings' replacement and gentrification. There is a growing demand for a new kind of relationship between the city and the citizens.