Indoor air quality scenario in India—An outline of household fuel combustion. (March 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rohra, Himanshi; Taneja, Ajay
• Is Part Of: Atmospheric environment. Volume 129(2016)
• Page Start: 243
• Page End: 255
• Publication Date: 2016-03
• Subjects: Indoor air quality -- Biomass fuel -- India -- Particulate matter -- Cook stove initiatives -- Exposure determinants; Air -- Pollution -- Periodicals; Air -- Pollution -- Meteorological aspects -- Periodicals; 551.51
• DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.01.038
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1352-2310

Abstract

Abstract: Most of the research around the world has been on outdoor air pollution, but in India we have a more severe problem of Indoor Air Pollution (IAP). The foremost factor cited for is burning of fossil fuels for cooking. Among the 70% of the country's rural population, about 80% households rely on biomass fuel making India to top the list of countries with largest population lacking access to cleaner fuel for cooking. 4 million deaths and 5% disability-adjusted life-years is an upshot of exposure to IAP from unhealthy cooking making it globally the most critical environmental risk factor. India alone bears the highest burden (28% needless deaths) among developing countries. Moreover, about ¼ of ambient PM2.5 in the country comes from household cookfuels. These considerations have prompted the discussion of the present knowledge on the disastrous health effects of pollutants emitted by biomass combustion in India. Additionally, Particulate Matter as an indoor air pollutant is highlighted with main focus on its spatial temporal variation and some recent Indian studies are further explored. As there are no specific norms for IAP in India, urgent need has arisen for implementing the strategies to create public awareness. Moreover improvement in ventilation and modification in the pattern of fuel will also contribute to eradicate this national health issue. Highlights: Air pollution from household fuel combustion is the chief environmental health risk. The ostensibly "open" accessibility of solid fuels makes them the principal fuel source for household purposes in India. 80% women are exposed to its health perils and 27.5% of under-five mortality in India is a result of the deadly effects. A national awareness campaign along with increased feasibility of modern fuels needs to be enumerated.