Traffic induced particle resuspension in Paris: Emission factors and source contributions. (March 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Amato, F.; Favez, O.; Pandolfi, M.; Alastuey, A.; Querol, X.; Moukhtar, S.; Bruge, B.; Verlhac, S.; Orza, J.A.G.; Bonnaire, N.; Le Priol, T.; Petit, J.-F.; Sciare, J.
• Is Part Of: Atmospheric environment. Volume 129(2016)
• Page Start: 114
• Page End: 124
• Publication Date: 2016-03
• Subjects: Road dust -- Road salt -- Wear -- PMF -- PM10 apportionment -- Biomass; Air -- Pollution -- Periodicals; Air -- Pollution -- Meteorological aspects -- Periodicals; 551.51
• DOI: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2016.01.022
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1352-2310

Abstract

Abstract: Gaining knowledge on the process of particle resuspension from urban paved roads is of particular importance considering the increasing relevance of this source in urban air quality management and the lack of basic information on emission factors and source contributions. In this study we performed extensive field measurements for the quantification of the emission factors from different types of road in the city of Paris, and investigated the causes of their variability and the contributions to the ambient air PM10 observed across one year at one traffic monitoring site in the ring road of Paris. Results show agreement between lower road dust loadings (RD10: 0.7–2.2 mg m −2 ) and emission factors (5.4–9.0 mg vehicle −1 km −1 ) at inner-roads of Paris, compared to the ring road (2.4 mg m −2 and 17 mg vehicle −1 km −1, respectively), where the two parameters are estimated independently. The higher values in the ring road were likely caused by the poor state of pavement and higher share of heavy duty vehicles. Road wear, brake wear and a carbonaceous source, were almost equally responsible for 96% of RD10. At the traffic monitoring site located at the ring road (220, 000 vehicle/day), the contributions of road dust emissions were estimated by receptor modeling to be 13% of PM10 on an annual mean (6.3 μg m −3 ), while the sum of vehicle exhaust and wear accounted for 47% resulting in a total traffic contribution of 60% of PM10. Road salting resulted to be a minor contributor (1% of annual mean) also in winter time (2%). Highlights: Road dust loadings in Paris varied within 0.7–2.4 mg m −2, sources were investigated. Emission factors for road dust were estimated at 5.4–17.0 mg vehicle −1 km −1 . Higher emission factors were found at the ring road, rather than inner roads. At the ring road monitoring site, road dust contributed 13% of PM10 on an annual basis. Road salt is a minor contributor to kerbside PM10.