GATA factors in endocrine neoplasia. (5th February 2016)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Pihlajoki, Marjut; Färkkilä, Anniina; Soini, Tea; Heikinheimo, Markku; Wilson, David B.
• Is Part Of: Molecular and cellular endocrinology. Volume 421(2016)
• Page Start: 2
• Page End: 17
• Publication Date: 2016-02-05
• Subjects: Adrenocortical tumor -- Granulosa cell tumor -- Parathyroid tumor -- Pituitary adenoma -- Sertoli–Leydig cell tumor; Endocrinology -- Periodicals; Molecular biology -- Periodicals; Cytology -- Periodicals; Endocrinology -- Periodicals; Hormones -- Periodicals; Endocrinologie -- Périodiques; Cytology; Endocrinology; Molecular biology; Periodicals; 573.4
• DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2015.05.027
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0303-7207

Abstract

Abstract: GATA transcription factors are structurally-related zinc finger proteins that recognize the consensus DNA sequence WGATAA (the GATA motif), an essential cis -acting element in the promoters and enhancers of many genes. These transcription factors regulate cell fate specification and differentiation in a wide array of tissues. As demonstrated by genetic analyses of mice and humans, GATA factors play pivotal roles in the development, homeostasis, and function of several endocrine organs including the adrenal cortex, ovary, pancreas, parathyroid, pituitary, and testis. Additionally, GATA factors have been shown to be mutated, overexpressed, or underexpressed in a variety of endocrine tumors ( e.g., adrenocortical neoplasms, parathyroid tumors, pituitary adenomas, and sex cord stromal tumors). Emerging evidence suggests that GATA factors play a direct role in the initiation, proliferation, or propagation of certain endocrine tumors via modulation of key developmental signaling pathways implicated in oncogenesis, such as the WNT/β-catenin and TGFβ pathways. Altered expression or function of GATA factors can also affect the metabolism, ploidy, and invasiveness of tumor cells. This article provides an overview of the role of GATA factors in endocrine neoplasms. Relevant animal models are highlighted. Highlights: GATA transcription factors regulate cellular differentiation and organ homeostasis. GATA factors serve as clinically useful markers of endocrine tumors. GATA factors interface with key signaling pathways implicated in tumorigenesis. Dysregulation of GATA factors can alter tumor cell metabolism, ploidy, and invasiveness.