The New Narrative: Applying narratology to the shaping of futures outputs. (November 2015) - Raven, Paul Graham
Highlights: Draws upon film and literary theory to develop a new analytical model for futures outputs. Situates futures outputs alongside other forms in metacategory of "narratives of futurity". Correlates narratological strategies in texts with rhetorical effects thereof. Outlines a matrix of narrative modalities and their concomitant rhetorics of futurit. Abstract: Both scenario development and design practices incorporate elements of storytelling, but this use remains undertheorised. This paper will draw upon literary theory, film theory and science fiction criticism to develop an analytical model of narrative structure and rhetorics which speaks to the concerns of scenario developers and designers when engaged in shaping the final outputs or deliverables of a futures project. After highlighting the differing role of telos in art and futures and defining the metacategory of "narratives of futurity", this paper then defines the terms "story", "narrative", "narrator" and "world" in the literary context. It then shows how those concepts map onto futures practice, before going into detail regarding the variety of narrative strategies available across a range of different forms and media, and the qualitative effects that they can reproduce in audiences. There follows the construction of a 2 × 2 matrix based on the critical concepts of narrative mode and narrative logic, within which narratives of futurity might be usefully catalogued and compared, and from which certain broad conclusions may be reached as regards the relation between choice of medium and rhetorical effect. The implications of this analysis are explored in detail.