Field accuracy of fourth-generation rapid diagnostic tests for acute HIV-1: a systematic review. (28th November 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Lewis, Joseph M.; Macpherson, Peter; Adams, Emily R.; Ochodo, Eleanor; Sands, Anita; Taegtmeyer, Miriam
• Is Part Of: AIDS. Volume 29:Number 18(2015)
• Publication Date: 2015-11-28
• Subjects: acute infection -- diagnostic accuracy -- HIV -- point-of-care testing -- rapid diagnostic tests -- systematic review; AIDS (Disease) -- Periodicals; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome; AIDS (Disease); Periodicals; Periodicals; 616.9792005
• DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000855
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0269-9370

Abstract

Abstract : Introduction: Fourth-generation HIV-1 rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) detect HIV-1 p24 antigen to screen for acute HIV-1. However, diagnostic accuracy during clinical use may be suboptimal. Methods: Clinical sensitivity and specificity of fourth-generation RDTs for acute HIV-1 were collated from field evaluation studies in adults identified by a systematic literature search. Results: Four studies with 17 381 participants from Australia, Swaziland, the United Kingdom and Malawi were identified. All reported 0% sensitivity of the HIV-1 p24 component for acute HIV-1 diagnosis; 26 acute infections were missed. Specificity ranged from 98.3 to 99.9%. Conclusion: Fourth-generation RDTs are currently unsuitable for the detection of acute HIV-1. Abstract : Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text