Structural evolution of electrodes in the NCR and CGR cathode-containing commercial lithium-ion batteries cycled between 3.0 and 4.5 V: An operando neutron powder-diffraction study. Issue 3 (28th October 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Pang, Wei Kong; Alam, Moshiul; Peterson, Vanessa K.; Sharma, Neeraj
• Is Part Of: Journal of materials research. Volume 30:Issue 3(2015)
• Page Start: 373
• Page End: 380
• Publication Date: 2014-10-28
• Subjects: energy storage, -- neutron scattering, -- crystallographic structure; Materials -- Research -- Periodicals; 620.1105
• DOI: 10.1557/jmr.2014.297
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0884-2914

Abstract

Abstract: Abstract : The dissimilar lattice-evolution of the isostructural layered Li(Ni, Co, Al)O2 (NCR) and Li(Ni, Co, Mn)O2 (CGR) cathodes in commercial lithium-ion batteries during overcharging/discharging was examined using operando neutron powder-diffraction. The stacking axis ( c parameter) of both cathodes expands on initial lithiation and contracts on further lithiation. Although both the initial increase and later decrease are smaller for the CGR cathode, the overall change between battery charged and discharged states of the c parameter is larger for the CGR (1.29%) than for the NCR cathode (0.33%). We find these differences are correlated to the transition metal to oxygen bond (as measured through the oxygen positional-parameter) which is specific to the different cathode chemistries. Finally, we note the formation of and suggest a model for a LiC x intermediate between graphite and LiC12 in the anode of both batteries.