The application of ecological stoichiometry to plant–microbial–soil organic matter transformations. Issue 2 (1st May 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zechmeister-Boltenstern, Sophie; Keiblinger, Katharina Maria; Mooshammer, Maria; Peñuelas, Josep; Richter, Andreas; Sardans, Jordi; Wanek, Wolfgang
• Is Part Of: Ecological monographs. Volume 85:Issue 2(2015)
• Page Start: 133
• Page End: 155
• Publication Date: 2015-05-01
• Subjects: carbon use efficiency -- growth rate hypothesis -- homeostasis -- litter decomposition -- nitrogen turnover -- nutrient recycling -- phosphorus deficiency -- soil enzymes -- soil microbiology -- substrate age hypothesis; Ecology -- Periodicals; Ecology; Écologie; Electronic journals; Periodicals; Ressource Internet (Descripteur de forme); Périodique électronique (Descripteur de forme); 577
• DOI: 10.1890/14-0777.1
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0012-9615

Abstract

Abstract : Elemental stoichiometry constitutes an inherent link between biogeochemistry and the structure and processes within food webs, and thus is at the core of ecosystem functioning. Stoichiometry allows for spanning different levels of biological organization, from cellular metabolism to ecosystem structure and nutrient cycling, and is therefore particularly useful for establishing links between different ecosystem compartments. We review elemental carbon : nitrogen : phosphorus (C:N:P) ratios in terrestrial ecosystems (from vegetation, leaf litter, woody debris, and dead roots, to soil microbes and organic matter). While the stoichiometry of the plant, litter, and soil compartments of ecosystems is well understood, heterotrophic microbial communities, which dominate the soil food web and drive nutrient cycling, have received increasing interest in recent years. This review highlights the effects of resource stoichiometry on soil microorganisms and decomposition, specifically on the structure and function of heterotrophic microbial communities and suggests several general patterns. First, latitudinal gradients of soil and litter stoichiometry are reflected in microbial community structure and function. Second, resource stoichiometry may cause changes in microbial interactions and community dynamics that lead to feedbacks in nutrient availability. Third, global change alters the C:N, C:P, and N:P ratios of primary producers, with repercussions for microbial decomposer communities and critical ecosystem services such as soil fertility. We argue that ecological stoichiometry provides a framework to analyze and predict such global change effects at various scales.