Maternal dietary patterns and gestational diabetes mellitus: a large prospective cohort study in China. Issue 8 (30th March 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: He, Jian-Rong; Yuan, Ming-Yang; Chen, Nian-Nian; Lu, Jin-Hua; Hu, Cui-Yue; Mai, Wei-Bi; Zhang, Rui-Fang; Pan, Yong-Hong; Qiu, Lan; Wu, Ying-Fang; Xiao, Wan-Qing; Liu, Yu; Xia, Hui-Min; Qiu, Xiu
• Is Part Of: British journal of nutrition. Volume 113:Issue 8(2015)
• Page Start: 1292
• Page End: 1300
• Publication Date: 2015-03-30
• Subjects: Dietary patterns, -- Gestational diabetes mellitus, -- Prospective studies, -- China; Nutrition -- Periodicals; 572.4
• DOI: 10.1017/S0007114515000707
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0007-1145

Abstract

Abstract : Few studies have explored the relationship between dietary patterns and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Evidence from non-Western areas is particularly lacking. In the present study, we aimed to examine the associations between dietary patterns and the risk of GDM in a Chinese population. A total of 3063 pregnant Chinese women from an ongoing prospective cohort study were included. Data on dietary intake were collected using a FFQ at 24–27 weeks of gestation. GDM was diagnosed using a 75 g, 2 h oral glucose tolerance test. Dietary patterns were determined by principal components factor analysis. A log-binomial regression model was used to examine the associations between dietary pattern and the risk of GDM. The analysis identified four dietary patterns: vegetable pattern; protein-rich pattern; prudent pattern; sweets and seafood pattern. Multivariate analysis showed that the highest tertile of the vegetable pattern was associated with a decreased risk of GDM (relative risk (RR) 0·79, 95 % CI 0·64, 0·97), compared with the lowest tertile, whereas the highest tertile of the sweets and seafood pattern was associated with an increased risk of GDM (RR 1·23, 95 % CI 1·02, 1·49). No significant association was found for either the protein-rich or the prudent pattern. The protective effect of a high vegetable pattern score was more evident among women who had a family history of diabetes ( P for interaction = 0·022). These findings suggest that the vegetable pattern was associated with a decreased risk of GDM, while the sweets and seafood pattern was associated with an increased risk of GDM. These findings may be useful in dietary counselling during pregnancy.