Decreased secretion of Paneth cell α‐defensins in graft‐versus‐host disease. Issue 5 (26th September 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Eriguchi, Y.; Nakamura, K.; Hashimoto, D.; Shimoda, S.; Shimono, N.; Akashi, K.; Ayabe, T.; Teshima, T.
• Is Part Of: Transplant infectious disease. Volume 17:Issue 5(2016)
• Page Start: 702
• Page End: 706
• Publication Date: 2015-09-26
• Subjects: Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc -- Complications -- Periodicals; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Infection -- Periodicals; 617.01
• DOI: 10.1111/tid.12423
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1398-2273

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="tid12423-abs-0001"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="tid12423-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Background</title> <p>Intestinal microbial ecology is actively regulated by Paneth cell‐derived antimicrobial peptides, α‐defensins. Graft‐versus‐host disease (GVHD) is a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). We previously demonstrated that Paneth cells are targeted by GVHD, and their expression of antimicrobial peptide α‐defensins is impaired, leading to a loss of physiological diversity among the microflora and development of bloodstream infection. Herein, we evaluated whether fecal levels of α‐defensins could be surrogate marker of intestinal dysbiosis.</p> </sec> <sec id="tid12423-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>We directly measured α‐defensin cryptdin‐1 (Crp1) in fecal pellets of mice with GVHD by using a novel enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay.</p> </sec> <sec id="tid12423-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>Fecal levels of Crp1 were significantly decreased in mice with GVHD but unchanged in mice without GVHD after SCT. These were correlated with intestinal flora diversity.</p> </sec> <sec id="tid12423-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>We demonstrate a link between reduced secretion of Paneth cell α‐defensins and dysbiosis of intestinal flora in GVHD. Fecal levels of α‐defensins could be surrogate markers for intestinal microbial homeostasis.</p> </sec> </abstract>