Histone Deacetylase Gene Expression Following Binge Alcohol Consumption in Rats and Humans. (13th September 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: López‐Moreno, Jose Antonio; Marcos, Miguel; Calleja‐Conde, Javier; Echeverry‐Alzate, Victor; Bühler, Kora M.; Costa‐Alba, Pilar; Bernardo, Edgar; Laso, Francisco‐Javier; Rodríguez de Fonseca, Fernando; Nadal, Roser; Viveros, Maria Paz; Maldonado, Rafael; Giné, Elena
• Is Part Of: Alcoholism. Volume 39:Number 10(2015:Oct.)
• Page Start: 1939
• Page End: 1950
• Publication Date: 2015-09-13
• Subjects: Alcoholism -- Periodicals; Alcoholism -- Periodicals; Alcoolisme; Electronic journals; Périodique électronique (Descripteur de forme); Ressource Internet (Descripteur de forme); 616.861005
• DOI: 10.1111/acer.12850
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0145-6008

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="acer12850-abs-0001"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <sec id="acer12850-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Background</title> <p>Alcohol binge drinking is one of the most common patterns of excessive alcohol use and recent data would suggest that histone deacetylases (<italic>HDACs</italic>) gene expression profiling could be useful as a biomarker for psychiatric disorders.</p> </sec> <sec id="acer12850-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>This study aimed to characterize the gene expression patterns of <italic>Hdac 1–11</italic> in samples of rat peripheral blood, liver, heart, prefrontal cortex, and amygdala following repeated binge alcohol consumption and to determine the parallelism of <italic>Hdac</italic> gene expression between rats and humans in peripheral blood. To accomplish this goal, we examined <italic>Hdac</italic> gene expression following 1, 4, or 8 alcohol binges (3 g/kg, orally) in the rat, in patients who were admitted to the hospital emergency department for acute alcohol intoxication, and in rats trained in daily operant alcohol self‐administration.</p> </sec> <sec id="acer12850-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>We primarily found that acute alcohol binging reduced gene expression (<italic>Hdac1–10</italic>) in the peripheral blood of alcohol‐naïve rats and that this effect was attenuated following repeated alcohol binges. There was also a reduction of <italic>Hdac</italic> gene expression in the liver (<italic>Hdac2, 4, 5</italic>), whereas there was increased expression in the heart (<italic>Hdac1, 7, 8</italic>) and amygdala (<italic>Hdac1, 2, 5</italic>). Additionally, increased blood alcohol concentrations were measured in rat blood at 1 to 4 hours following repeated alcohol binging, and the only group that developed hepatic steotosis (fatty liver) were those animals exposed to 8 alcohol binge events. Finally, both binge consumption of alcohol in humans and daily operant alcohol self‐administration in rats increased <italic>Hdac</italic> gene expression in peripheral blood.</p> </sec> <sec id="acer12850-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>Our results suggest that increases in <italic>HDAC</italic> gene expression within the peripheral blood are associated with chronic alcohol consumption, whereas <italic>HDAC</italic> gene expression is reduced following initial exposure to alcohol.</p> </sec> </abstract>