Reintroducing radiometric surface temperature into the Penman‐Monteith formulation1. Issue 8 (8th August 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mallick, Kaniska; Boegh, Eva; Trebs, Ivonne; Alfieri, Joseph G.; Kustas, William P.; Prueger, John H.; Niyogi, Dev; Das, Narendra; Drewry, Darren T.; Hoffmann, Lucien; Jarvis, Andrew J.
• Is Part Of: Water resources research. Volume 51:Issue 8(2015:Aug.)
• Page Start: 6214
• Page End: 6243
• Publication Date: 2015-08-08
• Subjects: Hydrology -- Periodicals; 333.91
• DOI: 10.1002/2014WR016106
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0043-1397

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title>Abstract</title> <p>Here we demonstrate a novel method to physically integrate radiometric surface temperature (<italic>T<sub>R</sub></italic>) into the Penman‐Monteith (PM) formulation for estimating the terrestrial sensible and latent heat fluxes (<italic>H</italic> and <italic>λE</italic>) in the framework of a modified Surface Temperature Initiated Closure (STIC). It combines <italic>T<sub>R</sub></italic> data with standard energy balance closure models for deriving a hybrid scheme that does not require parameterization of the surface (or stomatal) and aerodynamic conductances (<italic>g<sub>S</sub></italic> and <italic>g<sub>B</sub></italic>). STIC is formed by the simultaneous solution of four state equations and it uses <italic>T<sub>R</sub></italic> as an additional data source for retrieving the "near surface" moisture availability (<italic>M</italic>) and the Priestley‐Taylor coefficient (α). The performance of STIC is tested using high‐temporal resolution <italic>T<sub>R</sub></italic> observations collected from different international surface energy flux experiments in conjunction with corresponding net radiation (<italic>R<sub>N</sub></italic>), ground heat flux (<italic>G</italic>), air temperature (<italic>T<sub>A</sub></italic>), and relative humidity (<italic>R<sub>H</sub></italic>) measurements. A comparison of the STIC outputs with the eddy covariance measurements of <italic>λE</italic> and <italic>H</italic> revealed RMSDs of 7–16% and 40–74% in half‐hourly <italic>λE</italic> and <italic>H</italic> estimates. These statistics were 5–13% and 10–44% in daily <italic>λE</italic> and <italic>H</italic>. The errors and uncertainties in both surface fluxes are comparable to the models that typically use land surface parameterizations for determining the unobserved components (<italic>g<sub>S</sub></italic> and <italic>g<sub>B</sub></italic>) of the surface energy balance models. However, the scheme is simpler, has the capabilities for generating spatially explicit surface energy fluxes and independent of submodels for boundary layer developments.</p> </abstract>