Closed Incision Negative-Pressure Therapy Is Associated with Decreased Surgical-Site Infections. Issue 3 (September 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Semsarzadeh, Nina N.; Tadisina, Kashyap K.; Maddox, John; Chopra, Karan; Singh, Devinder P.
• Is Part Of: Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Volume 136:Issue 3(2015:Sep.)
• Publication Date: 2015-09
• Subjects: Surgery, Plastic -- Periodicals; 617.95205
• DOI: 10.1097/PRS.0000000000001519
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0032-1052

Abstract

<abstract> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <sec> <title>Background:</title> <p>Negative-pressure therapy has recently been used over closed incisions to decrease surgical-site occurrences, including infection and dehiscence. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the effectiveness of closed incision negative-pressure therapy in lowering the incidence of surgical-site infections compared with standard dressings.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>Methods:</title> <p>A literature search was conducted to find publications comparing closed incision negative-pressure therapy to standard incisional care. A fixed-effects model was used to assess between-study and between-incision location subgroup heterogeneity and effect size. Funnel plots were used to assess publication bias.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>Results:</title> <p>The overall weighted average rates of surgical-site infection in the closed incision negative-pressure therapy and control groups were 6.61 percent and 9.36 percent, respectively. This reflects a relative reduction in surgical site infection rate of 29.4 percent. A decreased likelihood of surgical-site infection was evident in the closed incision negative-pressure therapy group compared with the control group across all studies, and across all four incision location subgroups. Across all studies, odds of surgical-site infections decreased 0.564 (<italic>p</italic> < 0.00001). After excluding groin incision studies because of heterogeneity following sensitivity analysis, the odds of surgical-site infection decrease was still 0.496 (<italic>p</italic> < 0.00001). In addition, overall rates of dehiscence in closed incision negative-pressure therapy and control groups were 5.32 percent and 10.68 percent, respectively.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>Conclusions:</title> <p>The results of this meta-analysis suggest that closed incision negative-pressure therapy is a potentially effective method for reducing surgical-site infections. It also appears that closed incision negative-pressure therapy may be associated with a decreased incidence of dehiscence, but the published data available were too heterogeneous to perform meta-analysis.</p> </sec> </abstract>