Resilience and corpus callosum microstructure in adolescence. Issue 11 (August 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Galinowski, A.; Miranda, R.; Lemaitre, H.; Paillère Martinot, M.-L.; Artiges, E.; Vulser, H.; Goodman, R.; Penttilä, J.; Struve, M.; Barbot, A.; Fadai, T.; Poustka, L.; Conrod, P.; Banaschewski, T.; Barker, G. J.; Bokde, A.; Bromberg, U.; Büchel, C.; Flor, H.; Gallinat, J.; Garavan, H.; Heinz, A.; Ittermann, B.; Kappel, V.; Lawrence, C.; Loth, E.; Mann, K.; Nees, F.; Paus, T.; Pausova, Z.; Poline, J.-B.; Rietschel, M.; Robbins, T. W.; Smolka, M.; Schumann, G.; Martinot, J.-L.; the IMAGEN Consortium;
• Is Part Of: Psychological medicine. Volume 45:Issue 11(2015)
• Page Start: 2285
• Page End: 2294
• Publication Date: 2015-08
• Subjects: Psychiatry -- Periodicals; Medicine and psychology -- Periodicals; Clinical psychology -- Periodicals; 616.89
• DOI: 10.1017/S0033291715000239
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0033-2917

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="normal"> <title> <x content-type="archive" xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <sec id="sec_a1"> <title>Background</title> <p>Resilience is the capacity of individuals to resist mental disorders despite exposure to stress. Little is known about its neural underpinnings. The putative variation of white-matter microstructure with resilience in adolescence, a critical period for brain maturation and onset of high-prevalence mental disorders, has not been assessed by diffusion tensor imaging (DTI). Lower fractional anisotropy (FA) though, has been reported in the corpus callosum (CC), the brain's largest white-matter structure, in psychiatric and stress-related conditions. We hypothesized that higher FA in the CC would characterize stress-resilient adolescents.</p> </sec> <sec id="sec_a2" sec-type="methods"> <title>Method</title> <p>Three groups of adolescents recruited from the community were compared: resilient with low risk of mental disorder despite high exposure to lifetime stress (<italic>n</italic> = 55), at-risk of mental disorder exposed to the same level of stress (<italic>n</italic> = 68), and controls (<italic>n</italic> = 123). Personality was assessed by the NEO-Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). Voxelwise statistics of DTI values in CC were obtained using tract-based spatial statistics. Regional projections were identified by probabilistic tractography.</p> </sec> <sec id="sec_a3" sec-type="results"> <title>Results</title> <p>Higher FA values were detected in the anterior CC of resilient compared to both non-resilient and control adolescents. FA values varied according to resilience capacity. Seed regional changes in anterior CC projected onto anterior cingulate and frontal cortex. Neuroticism and three other NEO-FFI factor scores differentiated non-resilient participants from the other two groups.</p> </sec> <sec id="sec_a4" sec-type="conclusion"> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>High FA was detected in resilient adolescents in an anterior CC region projecting to frontal areas subserving cognitive resources. Psychiatric risk was associated with personality characteristics. Resilience in adolescence may be related to white-matter microstructure.</p> </sec> </abstract>