Immunogenicity of a low-dose diphtheria, tetanus and acellular pertussis combination vaccine with either inactivated or oral polio vaccine compared to standard-dose diphtheria, tetanus, acellular pertussis when used as a pre-school booster in UK children: A 5-year follow-up of a randomised controlled study. Issue 36 (26th August 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: John, T.; Voysey, M.; Yu, L.M.; McCarthy, N.; Baudin, M.; Richard, P.; Fiquet, A.; Kitchin, N.; Pollard, A.J.
• Is Part Of: Vaccine. Volume 33:Issue 36(2015)
• Page Start: 4579
• Page End: 4585
• Publication Date: 2015-08-26
• Subjects: Vaccines -- Periodicals; 615.372
• DOI: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2015.06.105
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0264-410X

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="author" id="abs0005"> <title id="sect0005">Abstract</title> <sec> <p id="spar0005">This serological follow up study assessed the kinetics of antibody response in children who previously participated in a single centre, open-label, randomised controlled trial of low-dose compared to standard-dose diphtheria booster preschool vaccinations in the United Kingdom (UK). Children had previously been randomised to receive one of three combination vaccines: either a combined adsorbed tetanus, low-dose diphtheria, 5-component acellular pertussis and inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) (Tdap–IPV, Repevax<sup>®</sup>; Sanofi Pasteur MSD); a combined adsorbed tetanus, low-dose diphtheria and 5-component acellular pertussis vaccine (Tdap, Covaxis<sup>®</sup>; Sanofi Pasteur MSD) given concomitantly with oral polio vaccine (OPV); or a combined adsorbed standard-dose diphtheria, tetanus, 2-component acellular pertussis and IPV (DTap–IPV, Tetravac<sup>®</sup>; Sanofi Pasteur MSD). Blood samples for the follow-up study were taken at 1, 3 and 5 years after participation in the original trial (median, 5.07 years of age at year 1), and antibody persistence to each vaccine antigen measured against defined serological thresholds of protection.</p> <p id="spar0010">All participants had evidence of immunity to diphtheria with antitoxin concentrations greater than 0.01 IU/mL five years after booster vaccination and 75%, 67% and 79% of children who received Tdap–IPV, Tdap + OPV and DTap–IPV, respectively, had protective antitoxin levels greater than 0.1 IU/mL. Long lasting protective immune responses to tetanus and polio antigens were also observed in all groups, though polio responses were lower in the sera of those who received OPV.</p> <p id="spar0015">Low-dose diphtheria vaccines provided comparable protection to the standard-dose vaccine and are suitable for use for pre-school booster vaccination.</p> </sec> </abstract>