The effect of differing patterns of childhood body mass index gain on adult physiology in American Indians. (September 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Thearle, Marie S.; Votruba, Susanne B.; Piaggi, Paolo; Muller, Yunhua L.; Hanson, Robert L.; Baier, Leslie J; Knowler, William; Krakoff, Jonathan
• Is Part Of: Obesity. Volume 23:Number 9(2015:Sep.)
• Page Start: 1872
• Page End: 1880
• Publication Date: 2015-09
• Subjects: Obesity -- Periodicals; 616.398005
• DOI: 10.1002/oby.21162
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1930-7381

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <sec id="oby21162-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Objective</title> <p>Identifying groups of individuals with similar patterns of body mass index (BMI) change during childhood may increase understanding of the relationship between childhood BMI and adult health.</p> </sec> <sec id="oby21162-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>Discrete classes of BMI <italic>z</italic>‐score change were determined in 1, 920 American Indian children with at least four non diabetic health examinations between the ages of 2 and 18 years using latent class trajectory analysis. In subsets of subjects, data were available for melanocortin‐4 receptor (<italic>MC4R)</italic> sequencing; <italic>in utero</italic> exposure to type 2 diabetes (T2D); or, as adults, oral glucose tolerance tests, onset of T2D, or body composition.</p> </sec> <sec id="oby21162-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>Six separate groups were identified. Individuals with a more modern birth year, an <italic>MC4R</italic> mutation, or <italic>in utero</italic> exposure to T2D were clustered in the two groups with high increasing and chronic overweight <italic>z</italic>‐scores (<italic>P</italic> < 0.0001). The <italic>z</italic>‐score classes predicted adult percent fat (<italic>P</italic> < 0.0001, partial <italic>r</italic><sup>2</sup> = 0.18 adjusted for covariates). There was a greater risk for T2D, independent from adult BMI, in three classes (lean increasing to overweight, high increasing, and chronic overweight <italic>z</italic>‐scores) compared to the two leanest groups (respectively: HRR= 3.2, <italic>P</italic> = 0.01; 6.0, <italic>P</italic> = 0.0003; 11.6, <italic>P</italic> < 0.0001).</p> </sec> <sec id="oby21162-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>Distinct patterns of childhood BMI <italic>z</italic>‐score change associate with adult adiposity and may impact risk of T2D.</p> </sec> </abstract>