Rapid in vivo apparent diffusion coefficient mapping of hyperpolarized 13C metabolites. Issue 3 (11th September 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Koelsch, Bertram L.; Reed, Galen D.; Keshari, Kayvan R.; Chaumeil, Myriam M.; Bok, Robert; Ronen, Sabrina M.; Vigneron, Daniel B.; Kurhanewicz, John; Larson, Peder E. Z.
• Is Part Of: Magnetic resonance in medicine. Volume 74:Issue 3(2015:Sep.)
• Page Start: 622
• Page End: 633
• Publication Date: 2014-09-11
• Subjects: Nuclear magnetic resonance -- Periodicals; Electron paramagnetic resonance -- Periodicals; 616.07548
• DOI: 10.1002/mrm.25422
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0740-3194

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <sec id="mrm25422-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Purpose</title> <p>Hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C magnetic resonance allows for the study of real‐time metabolism in vivo, including significant hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C lactate production in many tumors. Other studies have shown that aggressive and highly metastatic tumors rapidly transport lactate out of cells. Thus, the ability to not only measure the production of hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C lactate but also understand its compartmentalization using diffusion‐weighted MR will provide unique information for improved tumor characterization.</p> </sec> <sec id="mrm25422-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>We used a bipolar, pulsed‐gradient, double spin echo imaging sequence to rapidly generate diffusion‐weighted images of hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C metabolites. Our methodology included a simultaneously acquired B<sub>1</sub> map to improve apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) accuracy and a diffusion‐compensated variable flip angle scheme to improve ADC precision.</p> </sec> <sec id="mrm25422-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>We validated this sequence and methodology in hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C phantoms. Next, we generated ADC maps of several hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C metabolites in a normal rat, rat brain tumor, and prostate cancer mouse model using both preclinical and clinical trial‐ready hardware.</p> </sec> <sec id="mrm25422-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>ADC maps of hyperpolarized <sup>13</sup>C metabolites provide information about the localization of these molecules in the tissue microenvironment. The methodology presented here allows for further studies to investigate ADC changes due to disease state that may provide unique information about cancer aggressiveness and metastatic potential. Magn Reson Med 74:622–633, 2015. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</p> </sec> </abstract>