Acetaldehyde production by major oral microbes. (20th April 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Moritani, K; Takeshita, T; Shibata, Y; Ninomiya, T; Kiyohara, Y; Yamashita, Y
• Is Part Of: Oral diseases. Volume 21:Number 6(2015:Oct.)
• Page Start: 748
• Page End: 754
• Publication Date: 2015-04-20
• Subjects: Mouth -- Diseases -- Research -- Periodicals; 617.522
• DOI: 10.1111/odi.12341
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1354-523X

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="odi12341-abs-0001"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <sec id="odi12341-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Objectives</title> <p>To assess acetaldehyde (ACH) production by bacteria constituting the oral microbiota and the inhibitory effects of sugar alcohols on ACH production.</p> </sec> <sec id="odi12341-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Materials and Methods</title> <p>The predominant bacterial components of the salivary microbiota of 166 orally healthy subjects were determined by barcoded pyrosequencing analysis of the 16S rRNA gene. Bacterial ACH production from ethanol or glucose was measured using gas chromatography. In addition, inhibition by four sugars and five sugar alcohols of ACH production was assayed.</p> </sec> <sec id="odi12341-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>Forty‐one species from 16 genera were selected as predominant and prevalent bacteria based on the following criteria: identification in ≥95% of the subjects, ≥1% of mean relative abundance or ≥5% of maximum relative abundance. All <italic>Neisseria</italic> species tested produced conspicuous amounts of ACH from ethanol, as did <italic>Rothia mucilaginosa, Streptococcus mitis</italic> and <italic>Prevotella histicola</italic> exhibited the ability to produce ACH. In addition, xylitol and sorbitol inhibited ACH production by <italic>Neisseria mucosa</italic> by more than 90%.</p> </sec> <sec id="odi12341-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>The oral microbiota of orally healthy subjects comprises considerable amounts of bacteria possessing the ability to produce ACH, an oral carcinogen. Consumption of sugar alcohols may regulate ACH production by oral microbes.</p> </sec> </abstract>