Monoclonal antibodies to host cellular receptors for the treatment and prevention of HIV-1 infection. Issue 3 (May 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Pace, Craig; Markowitz, Martin
• Is Part Of: Current opinion in HIV & AIDS. Volume 10:Issue 3(2015:May)
• Publication Date: 2015-05
• Subjects: AIDS (Disease) -- Periodicals; HIV infections -- Periodicals; HIV Infections -- Periodicals; Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome -- Periodicals; Infections à VIH -- Périodiques; Sida -- Périodiques; AIDS (Disease); HIV infections; Periodicals; 616.9792005
• DOI: 10.1097/COH.0000000000000146
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1746-630X

Abstract

<abstract> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <sec> <title>Purpose of review</title> <p>Clinically relevant monoclonal antibodies (mAb) to host cellular receptors have been generated to both the CD4 receptor and the CCR5 coreceptor, cell surface proteins critical for HIV-1 entry. Ibalizumab is a novel humanized mAb that binds to a conformational epitope on CD4 and blocks entry of HIV-1. It has broad and potent antiviral activity <italic>in vitro</italic> and <italic>in vivo</italic>. PRO 140 is a humanized mAb that binds to the CCR5 coreceptor and inhibits CCR5-tropic HIV-1 by interfering with viral entry. Antiviral activity has been demonstrated both <italic>in vitro</italic> against R5 viruses and <italic>in vivo</italic> in HIV-1-infected individuals harboring CCR5-tropic virus.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>Recent findings</title> <p>Both antibodies have been administered intravenously in early-phase clinical trials, and current emphasis is on the development of formulations that can be administered subcutaneously. Most recently, bispecific antibodies combining either ibalizumab or PRO 140 with anti-Env broadly neutralizing antibodies have been constructed with vastly improved in-vitro neutralizing profiles, and may offer substantial advantages in the clinic.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>Summary</title> <p>mAb to host cellular receptors particularly when combined with broadly neutralizing antibodies in novel conformations may offer advances in both the treatment and prevention of HIV-1 infection.</p> </sec> </abstract>