First report of resistance to acetolactate‐synthase‐inhibiting herbicides in yellow nutsedge (Cyperus esculentus): confirmation and characterization. Issue 9 (10th November 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Tehranchian, Parsa; Norsworthy, Jason K; Nandula, Vijay; McElroy, Scott; Chen, Shu; Scott, Robert C
• Is Part Of: Pest management science. Volume 71:Issue 9(2015:Sep.)
• Page Start: 1274
• Page End: 1280
• Publication Date: 2014-11-10
• Subjects: Pests -- Control -- Periodicals; Pesticides -- Periodicals; 632.9
• DOI: 10.1002/ps.3922
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1526-498X

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="ps3922-abs-0001"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="ps3922-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>BACKGROUND</title> <p id="ps3922-para-0001">Yellow nutsedge is one of the most problematic sedges in Arkansas rice, requiring the frequent use of halosulfuron (sulfonylurea) for its control. In the summer of 2012, halosulfuron at 53 g ha<sup>−1</sup> (labeled field rate) failed to control yellow nutsedge. The level of resistance to halosulfuron was determined in the putative resistant biotype, and its cross‐resistance to other acetolactate synthase (ALS) inhibitors from four different herbicide families. ALS enzyme assays and analysis of the ALS gene were used to ascertain the resistance mechanism.</p> </sec> <sec id="ps3922-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>RESULTS</title> <p id="ps3922-para-0002">None of the resistant plants was killed by halosulfuron at a dose of 13 568 g ha<sup>−1</sup> (256× the field dose), indicating a high level of resistance. Based on the whole‐plant bioassay, the resistant biotype was not controlled by any of the ALS‐inhibiting herbicides (imazamox, imazethapyr, penoxsulam, bispyribac, pyrithiobac‐sodium, bensulfuron and halosulfuron) tested at the labeled field rate. The ALS enzyme from the resistant biotype was 2540 times less responsive to halosulfuron than the susceptible biotype, and a Trp<sub>574</sub>‐to‐Leu substitution was detected by ALS gene sequencing using the Illumina HiSeq.</p> </sec> <sec id="ps3922-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>CONCLUSION</title> <p id="ps3922-para-0003">The results suggest a target‐site alteration as the mechanism of resistance in yellow nutsedge, which accounts for the cross‐resistance to other ALS‐inhibiting herbicide families. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry</p> </sec> </abstract>