Clinical enamel surface changes following an intra-oral acidic challenge. Issue 8 (August 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Seong, J.; Virani, A.; Parkinson, C.; Claydon, N.; Hellin, N.; Newcombe, R.G.; West, N.
• Is Part Of: Journal of dentistry. Volume 43:Issue 8(2015:Aug.)
• Page Start: 1013
• Page End: 1020
• Publication Date: 2015-08
• Subjects: Dentistry -- Periodicals; Dentistry -- Periodicals; Dentisterie -- Périodiques; Electronic journals; 617.6005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2015.04.002
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0300-5712

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="author" id="abs0005"> <title id="sect0005">Abstract</title> <sec> <title id="sect0010">Objectives</title> <p id="spar0005">Investigation of early enamel erosion using replica impressions to compare changes in enamel surface topography in vivo prior to and over a 24 h period following acid challenge.</p> </sec> <sec> <title id="sect0015">Method</title> <p id="spar0010">A single treatment, blinded, enamel replica clinical study was undertaken in 20 healthy subjects. Replica tooth impressions were taken at baseline, following acid challenge and 2, 4, 7 and 24 h post challenge. Subjects consumed 500 ml of acidic soft drink over 30 min. Scanning electron microscopy of surface tomography was characterised with a descriptive 5 point scale by four judges. Duplicate impressions were taken to assess reproducibility.</p> </sec> <sec> <title id="sect0020">Results</title> <p id="spar0015">18 subjects had scorable sequences. Descriptive analyses showed erosive changes following acid consumption and reparative changes in the subsequent 24 h period. Comparing baseline replica to the 24 h replica, there were no significant differences (<italic>p</italic> = 0.26) in tooth surface characteristics. Comparing the replica taken immediately following acidic challenge with the subsequent replicas at 2, 4, 7 and 24 h, showed clear reduction of erosive effects on the enamel surface at 2 h (<italic>p</italic> = 0.02) and a highly significant reduction at 4, 7 and 24 h (<italic>p</italic> < 0.001).</p> </sec> <sec> <title id="sect0025">Conclusion</title> <p id="spar0020">This methodology demonstrated the ability to follow the progression and recovery of early erosive enamel lesions over 24 h being accurate and reproducible. This study suggests enamel repair commences within 2 h following a substantial acidic challenge and is completed 4–24 h later. After 24 h, the tooth surface appeared visibly indistinguishable from the original tooth surface, suggestive of a recovery process occurring.</p> </sec> <sec> <title id="sect0030">Clinical significance</title> <p id="spar0025">Healthy erosive lifestyles often culminate in tooth wear. The time taken for enamel remineralisation following acidic challenge is unknown however, this study suggests the repair process is relatively slow following a substantial acidic challenge, and at least 4–24 h should elapse prior to further acidic consumption to allow for recovery.</p> </sec> </abstract>