Schistosoma mansoni and HIV infection in a Ugandan population with high HIV and helminth prevalence. Issue 9 (1st June 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sanya, Richard E.; Muhangi, Lawrence; Nampijja, Margaret; Nannozi, Victoria; Nakawungu, Prossy Kabuubi; Abayo, Elson; Webb, Emily L.; Elliott, Alison M.; the LaVIISWA study team; Nampijja, Margaret; Sanya, Richard; Nerima, Barbara; Webb, Emily; Muhangi, Lawrence; Mirembe, Beatrice; Okello, Justin; Levin, Jonathan; Namutebi, Milly; Zziwa, Christopher; Nakazibwe, Esther; Tumusiime, Josephine; Ninsiima, Carol; Kamukama, Grace; Amongin, Susan; Akello, Mirriam; Kizindo, Robert; Sewankambo, Moses; Nsubuga, Denis; Nakawungu, Prossy Kabubi; Niwagaba, Emmanuel; Oduru, Gloria; Kabami, Grace; Abayo, Elson; Kabagenyi, Joyce; Nkurunungi, Gyaviira; Muwonge, Fred; Kizito, Dennison; Cose, Stephen; Abiriga, David; Nannozi, Victoria; Mbaraga, Bonaventure; Musoke, Rebecca; George, Wambi; Kaweesa, James; Tukahebwa, Edridah; Elliott, Alison;
• Is Part Of: Tropical medicine & international health. Volume 20:Issue 9(2015:Sep.)
• Page Start: 1201
• Page End: 1208
• Publication Date: 2015-06-01
• Subjects: Tropical medicine -- Periodicals; Public health -- Periodicals; 616.988
• DOI: 10.1111/tmi.12545
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1360-2276

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="tmi12545-abs-0001"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="tmi12545-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Objectives</title> <p>Recent reports suggest that <italic>Schistosoma</italic> infection may increase the risk of acquiring human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). We used data from a large cross‐sectional study to investigate whether <italic>Schistosoma mansoni</italic> infection is associated with increased HIV prevalence.</p> </sec> <sec id="tmi12545-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>We conducted a household survey of residents in island fishing communities in Mukono district, Uganda, between October 2012 and July 2013. HIV status was assessed using rapid test kits. Kato‐Katz (KK) stool tests and urine‐circulating cathodic antigen (CCA) were used to test for <italic>Schistosoma</italic> infection. Multivariable logistic regression, allowing for the survey design, was used to investigate the association between <italic>S. mansoni</italic> infection and HIV infection.</p> </sec> <sec id="tmi12545-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>Data from 1412 participants aged 13 years and older were analysed (mean age 30.3 years, 45% female). The prevalence of HIV was 17.3%. Using the stool Kato‐Katz technique on a single sample, <italic>S. mansoni</italic> infection was detected in 57.2% (719/1257) of participants; urine CCA was positive in 73.8% (478/650) of those tested. <italic>S. mansoni</italic> infection was not associated with HIV infection. [KK (aOR = 1.04; 95% CI: 0.74–1.47, <italic>P</italic> = 0.81), CCA (aOR = 1.53; 95% CI: 0.78–3.00, <italic>P</italic> = 0.19)]. The median <italic>S. mansoni</italic> egg count per gram was lower in the HIV‐positive participants (<italic>P</italic> = 0.005).</p> </sec> <sec id="tmi12545-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>These results add to the evidence that <italic>S. mansoni</italic> has little effect on HIV transmission, but may influence egg excretion.</p> </sec> </abstract>