The genome-wide identification of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase (MKK) genes in Yesso scallop Patinopecten yessoensis and their expression responses to bacteria challenges. Issue 2 (August 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Zou, Jiajun; Wang, Ruijia; Li, Ruojiao; Kong, Yifan; Wang, Jing; Ning, Xianhui; Zhang, Lingling; Wang, Shi; Hu, Xiaoli; Bao, Zhenmin
• Is Part Of: Fish & shellfish immunology. Volume 45:Issue 2(2015:Aug.)
• Page Start: 901
• Page End: 911
• Publication Date: 2015-08
• Subjects: Fishes -- Immunology -- Periodicals; Shellfish -- Immunology -- Periodicals; Poissons -- Immunologie -- Périodiques; Crustacés -- Immunologie -- Périodiques; 571.9617
• DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2015.06.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1050-4648

Abstract

<abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="author" id="abs0010"> <title id="sectitle0010">Abstract</title> <sec> <p id="abspara0010">Mitogen-activated protein kinase kinases (MKK) are the essential components of the evolutionarily conserved MAPK signaling cascade, which regulates a variety of cellular activities and innate immune responses. Although <italic>MKK</italic> genes have been extensively studied in various vertebrate and invertebrate species, they have not been systematically characterized in bivalves. In this study, we identified and characterized five <italic>MKK</italic> genes (<italic>PyMKK1/2</italic>, <italic>PyMKK4</italic>, <italic>PyMKK5</italic>, <italic>PyMKK3/6</italic> and <italic>PyMKK7</italic>) in the Yesso scallop (<italic>Patinopecten yessoensis</italic>). Phylogenetic and protein structural analyses were conducted to determine their identities and evolutionary relationships. To gain insights into the possible roles of <italic>MKK</italic> genes during scallop innate immune responses, quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) was used to investigate their expression profiles during different developmental stages in samples taken from healthy adult tissues and hemocytes after <italic>Micrococcus luteus</italic> and <italic>Vibrio anguillarum</italic> bacterial infections. The Yesso scallop <italic>MKK</italic>s (<italic>PyMKK</italic>s) were found to have highly conserved structural features compared to the <italic>MKK</italic> genes from other invertebrate species. Using qRT-PCR analysis, three distinct expression patterns were detected among the <italic>PyMKK</italic>s over the course of ten different developmental stages. In adult scallops, the majority of the <italic>PyMKK</italic>s were highly expressed in mantle, gill, muscle and hemocytes. The differential expression patterns of the five <italic>PyMKK</italic>s after <italic>M. luteus</italic> (Gram-positive) and <italic>V. anguillarum</italic> (Gram-negative) bacterial infections suggested their possible involvement in the innate immune response and provide the foundation and resource for the further study on innate immune response of MAPK signal pathway in mollusk.</p> </sec> </abstract>