Nivalenol‐producing Fusarium cerealis associated with fusarium head blight in winter wheat in Manitoba, Canada. (10th December 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Amarasinghe, C. C.; Tittlemier, S. A.; Fernando, W. G. D.
• Is Part Of: Plant pathology. Volume 64:Number 4(2015:Aug.)
• Page Start: 988
• Page End: 995
• Publication Date: 2014-12-10
• Subjects: Agricultural pests -- Periodicals; Plant diseases -- Periodicals; 632
• DOI: 10.1111/ppa.12329
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0032-0862

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="ppa12329-abs-0001"> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <p>Fusarium head blight (FHB) in small grain cereals is primarily caused by the members of the <italic>Fusarium graminearum</italic> species complex. These produce mycotoxins in infected grains, primarily deoxynivalenol (DON); acetylated derivatives of DON, 3‐acetyl‐DON (3‐ADON) and 15‐acetyl‐DON (15‐ADON); and nivalenol (NIV). This study reports the isolation of <italic>Fusarium cerealis</italic> in infected winter wheat heads for the first time in Canada. A phylogenetic analysis based on the <italic>TRI101</italic> gene and <italic>F. graminearum</italic> species‐specific primers revealed two species of <italic>Fusarium</italic>:<italic> F. graminearum sensu stricto</italic> (127 isolates) and <italic>F. cerealis</italic> (five isolates). Chemotype determination based on the <italic>TRI3</italic> gene revealed that 65% of the isolates were 3‐ADON, 31% were 15‐ADON and 4% were NIV producers. All the <italic>F. cerealis</italic> isolates were of NIV chemotype. <italic>Fusarium cerealis</italic> isolates can often be misidentified as <italic>F. graminearum</italic> as the morphological characteristics are similar. Although the cultural and macroconidial characteristics of <italic>F. graminearum</italic> and <italic>F. cerealis</italic> isolates were similar, the aggressiveness of these isolates on susceptible wheat cultivar Roblin and moderately resistant cultivar Carberry differed significantly. The <italic>F. graminearum</italic> 3‐ADON isolates were most aggressive, followed by <italic>F. graminearum</italic> 15‐ADON and <italic>F. cerealis </italic>NIV isolates. The findings from this study confirm the continuous shift of chemotypes from 15‐ADON to 3‐ADON in North America. In Canada, the presence of NIV is limited to barley samples and the discovery of NIV‐producing <italic>F. cerealis</italic> species in Canadian wheat fields may pose a serious concern to the Canadian wheat industry in the future.</p> </abstract>