Use of 18F-FDG-PET-CT for Assessment of Response to Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy in Children With Wilms Tumor. Issue 5 (July 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Qin, Zhen; Tang, Yiyun; Wang, Hui; Cai, Wei; Fu, Hongliang; Li, Jianing; Ma, Chao
• Is Part Of: Journal of pediatric hematology/oncology. Volume 37:Issue 5(2015)
• Publication Date: 2015-07
• Subjects: Pediatric hematology -- Periodicals; Tumors in children -- Periodicals; 618.9215
• DOI: 10.1097/MPH.0000000000000323
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1077-4114

Abstract

<abstract> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <sec> <title>Purpose:</title> <p>The aim of this study was to evaluate the predictive value of fluorine-18-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography with computed tomography (<sup>18</sup>F-FDG-PET-CT) in the assessment of histologic response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in children with Wilms tumors (WTs).</p> </sec> <sec> <title>Materials and Methods:</title> <p>We prospectively registered 12 patients with WTs who were treated with 2 cycles of neoadjuvant chemotherapy and surgery. All patients underwent sequential <sup>18</sup>F-FDG-PET-CT before (PET-CT1) and after (PET-CT2) neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Maximum standardized uptake value (SUV<sub>max</sub>) was measured on PET-CT1 (SUV1) and PET-CT2 (SUV2). The percentage change in SUV<sub>max</sub> (SUV<sub>max</sub> reduction) was calculated. After surgery the effects of neoadjuvant chemotherapy were graded histopathologically: ≥90% necrosis indicated a good response and <90% necrosis was considered a poor response. The correlation between SUV<sub>max</sub> reduction and histologic response was estimated using the Spearman correlation coefficient.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>Results:</title> <p>Among the 12 patients who underwent PET-CT before and after chemotherapy, SUV<sub>max</sub> reduction was significantly different between the good response group and the poor response group (<italic>P</italic>=0.035). A significant, in terms of <italic>P</italic> value, correlation was found between pathologic response and SUV<sub>max</sub> reduction (<italic>r</italic>=0.700; 95% confidence interval, 0.060-0.935; <italic>P</italic>=0.011). A threshold of 66% reduction in SUV<sub>max</sub> was identified, with which partition, there were 8 good histologic responders (≥66% decrease in SUV<sub>max</sub>) and 4 poor responders. The histologic complete response rate of the good responders was 87.5%, whereas that of poor responders was 0%. SUV1≥7 and SUV2≥2.4 were both considered to be with high risk of recurrence. In patients with SUV1≥7, 4/5 cases relapsed and 4/6 patients with SUV2≥2.4 relapsed.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>Conclusions:</title> <p>As there seems to be a good correlation of changes in SUV<sub>max</sub> and histologic response, PET-CT has the potential of predicting the response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in children with WT. SUV1 and SUV2 by themselves might be a good prognosticator of the clinical outcome of WT pediatric patients treated with International Society of Pediatric Oncology protocols, although the reduction rate of SUV<sub>max</sub> is much less powerful for prognosis.</p> </sec> </abstract>