Effects of weight regain following intentional weight loss on glucoregulatory function in overweight and obese adults with pre-diabetes. Issue 3 (May 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Beavers, Kristen M.; Case, L. Douglas; Blackwell, Caroline S.; Katula, Jeffery A.; Goff, David C.; Vitolins, Mara Z.
• Is Part Of: Obesity research & clinical practice. Volume 9:Issue 3(2015:May/Jun.)
• Page Start: 266
• Page End: 273
• Publication Date: 2015-05
• Subjects: Obesity -- Research -- Periodicals; Obesity -- Treatment -- Periodicals; Obesity -- Periodicals; Obésité -- Recherche -- Périodiques; Obésité -- Traitement -- Périodiques; Obesity -- Research; Obesity -- Treatment; Electronic journals; Periodicals; 616.398
• DOI: 10.1016/j.orcp.2014.09.003
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1871-403X

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="author" id="abs0005"> <title id="sect0005">Summary</title> <sec> <title id="sect0010">Objective</title> <p id="spar0005">To assess the extent to which initial, intentional weight loss-associated improvements in glucose tolerance and insulin action are diminished with weight regain.</p> </sec> <sec> <title id="sect0015">Methods</title> <p id="spar0010">138 overweight and obese (BMI: 32.4 ± 3.9 kg/m<sup>2</sup>), adults (59.0 ± 9.7 years), with pre-diabetes were followed through a 6-month weight loss intervention and subsequent 18-month weight maintenance period, or usual care control condition. Longitudinal change in weight (baseline, 6, 24 months) was used to classify individuals into weight pattern categories (Loser/Maintainer (LM), <italic>n</italic>= 50; Loser/Regainer (LR), <italic>n</italic> = 51; and Weight Stable (WS), <italic>n</italic> = 37). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin, and insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) were measured at baseline, 6, 12, 18 and 24 months and model adjusted changes, by weight pattern category, were assessed.</p> </sec> <sec> <title id="sect0020">Results</title> <p id="spar0015">LMs and LRs lost 8.3 ± 4.7 kg (8.7 ± 4.5%) and 9.6 ± 4.7 kg (10.2 ± 4.7%) during the first 6 months, respectively. LM continued to lose 1.1 ± 3.4 kg over the next 18 months (9.9 ± 6.5% reduction from baseline; <italic>p</italic> < 0.05), while LRs regained 6.5 ± 3.7 kg (3.3 ± 5.3% reduction from baseline; <italic>p</italic> < 0.05). Weight change was directly associated with change in all DM risk factors (all <italic>p</italic> < 0.01). Notably, despite an absolute reduction in body weight (from baseline to 24 months) achieved in the LR group, 24-month changes in FPG, insulin, and HOMA-IR did not differ between WS and LR groups. Conversely, LM saw sustained improvements in all measured DM risk factors.</p> </sec> <sec> <title id="sect0025">Conclusions</title> <p id="spar0020">Significant weight loss followed by weight loss maintenance is associated with sustained improvements in FPG, insulin, and HOMA-IR; conversely, even partial weight regain is associated with regression of initial improvements in these risk factors towards baseline values.</p> </sec> </abstract>