Protective effects of Brassica oleracea sprouts extract toward renal damage in high-salt-fed SHRSP. Issue 7 (July 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Rubattu, Speranza; Di Castro, Sara; Cotugno, Maria; Bianchi, Franca; Mattioli, Roberto; Baima, Simona; Stanzione, Rosita; Madonna, Michele; Bozzao, Cristina; Marchitti, Simona; Gelosa, Paolo; Sironi, Luigi; Pignieri, Alice; Maldini, Mariateresa; Giusti, Anna Maria; Nardini, Mirella; Morelli, Giorgio; Costantino, Paolo; Volpe, Massimo
• Is Part Of: Journal of hypertension. Volume 33:Issue 7(2015:Jul.)
• Publication Date: 2015-07
• Subjects: Hypertension -- Periodicals; Hypertension -- Periodicals; 616.132005
• DOI: 10.1097/HJH.0000000000000562
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1473-5598

Abstract

<abstract> <title> <x xml:space="preserve">Abstract</x> </title> <sec> <title>Objectives:</title> <p>Renal damage precedes occurrence of stroke in high-sodium/low-potassium-fed stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHRSP). We previously reported a marked suppression of uncoupling protein-2 (UCP2) upon high-salt Japanese-style diet in SHRSP kidneys. Vegetable compounds are known to exert protective effects in cardiovascular diseases. We aimed at evaluating the impact of <italic>Brassica oleracea</italic> sprouts juice toward renal damage in Japanese diet-fed SHRSP and exploring the role of 5′-adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/NAD-dependent deacetylase sirtuin-1 (SIRT1)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ coactivator-1α (PGC1α)/peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α (PPARα)/UCP2 axis.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>Methods:</title> <p>SHRSP received Japanese diet for 4 weeks. A group of SHRSP received Japanese diet and <italic>B. oleracea</italic>. A third group received Japanese diet, <italic>B. oleracea</italic>, and PPARα inhibitor (GW6471). A group of SHRSP fed with regular diet served as control.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>Results:</title> <p>Japanese diet induced marked increases of oxidative stress, inflammation, and proteinuria, along with glomerular and tubular damage, as compared with regular diet. A significant suppression of AMPK/UCP2 pathway was observed. Despite Japanese diet feeding, concomitant administration of <italic>B. oleracea</italic> prevented oxidative stress accumulation, inflammation, renal damage, and proteinuria. All components of the UCP2 regulatory pathway were significantly increased by <italic>B. oleracea</italic>. Superoxide dismutase 2 and phosphoendothelial nitric oxide synthase were also stimulated. Addition of PPARα inhibitor to <italic>B. oleracea</italic> and Japanese diet significantly reduced the <italic>B. oleracea</italic> beneficial effects. SBP levels were comparable among the different groups of rats.</p> <p> <italic>In vitro</italic>, UCP2 inhibition by genipin offset the antioxidant effect of <italic>B. oleracea</italic> in renal mesangial and proximal tubular cells.</p> </sec> <sec> <title>Conclusion:</title> <p> <italic>B. oleracea</italic> administration prevented renal damage in salt-loaded SHRSP, independently from SBP, with parallel stimulation of AMPK/SIRT1/PGC1α/PPARα/UCP2 axis. Stimulation of the latter mechanism may provide relevant renal protective effect and play a therapeutic role in target organ damage progression in hypertension.</p> </sec> </abstract>