Higher mortality after myocardial infarction in patients with severe mental illness: a nationwide cohort study. (8th December 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Bodén, R.; Molin, E.; Jernberg, T.; Kieler, H.; Lindahl, B.; Sundström, J.
• Is Part Of: Journal of internal medicine. Volume 277:Number 6(2015:Jun.)
• Page Start: 727
• Page End: 736
• Publication Date: 2014-12-08
• Subjects: Internal medicine -- Periodicals; Medicine -- Periodicals; 616
• DOI: 10.1111/joim.12329
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0954-6820

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="joim12329-abs-0001"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="joim12329-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Objectives</title> <p>The aim of this study was to explore the impact of severe mental illness (SMI) on myocardial infarction survival and determine the influence of risk factor burden, myocardial infarction severity and different treatments.</p> </sec> <sec id="joim12329-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Design, setting and participants</title> <p>This population‐based cohort study, conducted in Sweden during the period 1997–2010, included all patients with a first diagnosis of myocardial infarction in the Swedish nationwide myocardial infarction register SWEDEHEART (<italic>n</italic> = 209 592). Exposure was defined as a diagnosis of SMI (i.e. bipolar disorder or schizophrenia) in the national patient register prior to infarction. Bias‐minimized logistic regression models were identified using directed acyclic graphs and included covariates age, gender, smoking, diabetes, previous cardiovascular disease, myocardial infarction characteristics and treatment.</p> </sec> <sec id="joim12329-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Main outcome measures</title> <p>The outcomes were 30‐day and 1‐year mortality, obtained through linkage with national population registers.</p> </sec> <sec id="joim12329-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>Patients with bipolar disorder (<italic>n</italic> = 442) and schizophrenia (<italic>n</italic> = 541) were younger (mean age 68 and 63 years, respectively) than those without SMI (<italic>n</italic> = 208 609; mean age 71 years). The overall 30‐day and 1‐year mortality rates were 10% and 18%, respectively. Compared with patients without SMI, patients with SMI had higher 30‐day [odds ratio (OR) 1.99, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.55–2.56] and 1‐year mortality (OR 2.11, 95% CI 1.74–2.56) in the fully adjusted model. The highest mortality was observed amongst patients with schizophrenia (30‐day mortality: OR 2.58, 95% CI 1.88–3.54; 1‐year mortality: OR 2.55, 95% CI 1.98–3.29).</p> </sec> <sec id="joim12329-sec-0005" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>SMI is associated with a markedly higher mortality after myocardial infarction, also after accounting for contributing factors. It is imperative to identify the reasons for this higher mortality.</p> </sec> </abstract>