Low prevalence of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults in northern India. Issue 6 (12th December 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Sachan, A.; Zaidi, G.; Sahu, R. P.; Agrawal, S.; Colman, P. G.; Bhatia, E.
• Is Part Of: Diabetic medicine. Volume 32:Issue 6(2015:Jun.)
• Page Start: 810
• Page End: 813
• Publication Date: 2014-12-12
• Subjects: Diabetes -- Periodicals; 616.462
• DOI: 10.1111/dme.12644
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 0742-3071

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="dme12644-abs-0001"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="dme12644-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Aim</title> <p>To study the frequency of islet antibodies in a large cohort of clinic‐ and community‐based patients with Type 2 diabetes in northern India.</p> </sec> <sec id="dme12644-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>We measured glutamic acid decarboxylase (GAD) antibodies in 618 adults with Type 2 diabetes (378 patients with diabetes attending a hospital clinic, 240 patients diagnosed in a community survey) and in 192 healthy subjects residing in north India. Islet antigen 2 (IA2) antibodies were also studied in a proportion of the patients with diabetes (<italic>n </italic>=<italic> </italic>492) and in a control population (<italic>n </italic>=<italic> </italic>191). GAD and IA2 antibodies were measured by immunoprecipitation of the respective <sup>35</sup>S‐labelled recombinant antigen.</p> </sec> <sec id="dme12644-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>We found that GAD antibodies were present in nine (1.5%) patients with diabetes (clinic population: 0.8%, community study: 2.5%), a prevalence similar to that among the subjects without diabetes (<italic>n </italic>=<italic> </italic>2; 1%). IA2 antibodies were detected in seven patients with Type 2 diabetes (1.4%) and in two healthy control subjects (1.0%). The frequency of either GAD or IA2 antibodies was similar in people with and without diabetes (3.2 vs 2.1%). No subject was found to have both antibodies. Insulin requirement was higher among antibody‐positive than among antibody‐negative patients (GAD antibody: 33 vs 6.3%; <italic>P </italic>=<italic> </italic>0.001; GAD or IA2 antibody: 23.1 vs 6.4%; <italic>P </italic>=<italic> </italic>0.02); however, other clinical features were similar in the two groups.</p> </sec> <sec id="dme12644-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>In the present north‐Indian population with Type 2 diabetes, the overall prevalence of GAD antibodies and the prevalence of either GAD or IA2 antibodies were considerably lower than those reported in white European populations.</p> </sec> </abstract>