Chitosan selectively promotes adhesion of myoblasts over fibroblasts. Issue 6 (6th January 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Iyer, Shama R.; Udpa, Natasha; Gao, Yingxin
• Is Part Of: Journal of biomedical materials research. Volume 103:Issue 6(2015:Jun.)
• Page Start: 1899
• Page End: 1906
• Publication Date: 2014-01-06
• Subjects: Biomedical materials -- Periodicals; 610.28
• DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.35075
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1549-3296

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main"> <title>Abstract</title> <p>Treatment of ventral hernias frequently makes use of synthetic and biological meshes, often resulting in scar tissue formation and incomplete muscle regeneration. Chitosan has been shown to promote a regenerative response than a fibrotic response. The objective of this study is to determine the effects of chitosan on myoblast and fibroblast adhesion and the underlying mechanisms. Primary myoblast cells, embryonic fibroblasts, and 1:1 coculture of both cell types were seeded on chitosan‐coated and uncoated tissue culture plates. The number of attached cells was measured at 5, 24, 48, and 72 h after seeding. At 5 h after seeding, expression and structural organization of actin, integrin β<sub>3</sub>, and integrin β<sub>1</sub> were analyzed. With chitosan, primary fibroblasts had 2.7 times smaller F‐actin fraction, and more primary myoblasts with higher expression of integrin β<sub>3</sub> were seen. Moreover, a higher ratio of myoblasts to fibroblasts was seen with chitosan, with a ratio higher than one at 48 and 72 h after seeding and greater than a twofold increase in ratio when compared with uncoated plates. A higher organization of actin and integrin β<sub>3</sub> network around nucleus of myoblasts was observed with chitosan, whereas reorganization in actin and integrin β<sub>1</sub> network was observed in fibroblasts. In conclusion, chitosan promotes myoblast adhesion with higher expression of integrin β<sub>3</sub> and inhibits fibroblast adhesion with reorganization of actin and integrin β<sub>1</sub> network. © 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part A: 103A: 1899–1906, 2015.</p> </abstract>