A 12-week sports-based exercise programme for inactive Indigenous Australian men improved clinical risk factors associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Issue 4 (July 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Mendham, Amy E.; Duffield, Rob; Marino, Frank; Coutts, Aaron J.
• Is Part Of: Journal of science and medicine in sport. Volume 18:Issue 4(2015:Jul.)
• Page Start: 438
• Page End: 443
• Publication Date: 2015-07
• Subjects: Sports sciences -- Periodicals; Sports medicine -- Periodicals; Exercise -- Physiological aspects -- Periodicals; Sports -- physiology -- Periodicals; Sports Medicine -- Periodicals; Sportgeneeskunde; 617.102705
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2014.06.013
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1440-2440

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="author" id="abs0005"> <title id="sect0005">Abstract</title> <sec> <title id="sect0010">Objectives</title> <p id="spar0005">This study assessed the effect of a 12-week sports-based exercise intervention on glucose regulation, anthropometry and inflammatory markers associated with the prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Indigenous Australian men.</p> </sec> <sec> <title id="sect0015">Design</title> <p id="spar0010">Twenty-six inactive Indigenous Australian men (48.6 ± 6.6 years) were randomized into exercise (<italic>n</italic> = 16) or control (<italic>n</italic> = 10)conditions.</p> </sec> <sec> <title id="sect2000">Methods</title> <p id="spar1010">Training included ∼2–3 days/week for 12 weeks of sports and gym exercises in a group environment, whilst control participants maintained normal activity and dietary patterns. Pre- and post-intervention testing included: anthropometry, peak aerobic capacity, fasting blood chemistry of inflammatory cytokines, adiponectin, leptin, cholesterol, glucose, insulin and C-peptide. An oral glucose tolerance test measured glucose, insulin and C-peptide 30, 60, 90 and 120 min post 75 g glucose ingestion.</p> </sec> <sec> <title id="sect0020">Results</title> <p id="spar0015">The exercise condition decreased insulin area under the curve (25 ± 22%), increased estimated insulin sensitivity (35 ± 62%) and decreased insulin resistance (9 ± 35%; <italic>p</italic> < 0.05), compared with control (<italic>p</italic> > 0.05). The exercise condition decreased in body mass index, waist circumference and waist to hip ratio (<italic>p</italic> < 0.05), compared to control (<italic>p</italic> > 0.05). Leptin decreased in the exercise group, with no changes for adiponectin (<italic>p</italic> > 0.05) or inflammatory markers (<italic>p</italic> > 0.05) in either condition. Aerobic fitness variables showed significant increases in peak oxygen consumption for the exercise condition compared to no change in control (<italic>p</italic> > 0.05).</p> </sec> <sec> <title id="sect0025">Conclusions</title> <p id="spar0020">Findings indicate positive clinical outcomes in metabolic, anthropometric and aerobic fitness variables. This study provides evidence for sport and group-based activities leading to improved clinical risk factors associated with T2DM development in clinically obese Indigenous Australian men.</p> </sec> </abstract>