Non-celiac gluten sensitivity: A work-in-progress entity in the spectrum of wheat-related disorders. Issue 3 (June 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Volta, Umberto; Caio, Giacomo; De Giorgio, Roberto; Henriksen, Christine; Skodje, Gry; Lundin, Knut E.
• Is Part Of: Best practice & research. Volume 29:Issue 3(2015)
• Page Start: 477
• Page End: 491
• Publication Date: 2015-06
• Subjects: Gastroenterology -- Periodicals; Gastrointestinal system -- Diseases -- Periodicals; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Gastroenterology; Klinische geneeskunde; Gastro-enterologie; Gastroenterology; Gastrointestinal system -- Diseases; Periodicals; 616.33005
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bpg.2015.04.006
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1521-6918

Abstract

<abstract xml:lang="en" abstract-type="author" id="abs0010"> <title id="sectitle0010">Abstract</title> <sec> <p id="abspara0010">Non-celiac gluten sensitivity is an undefined syndrome with gastrointestinal and extra-intestinal manifestations triggered by gluten in patients without celiac disease and wheat allergy. The pathogenesis involves immune-mediated mechanisms requiring further research. Symptoms disappear in a few hours or days after gluten withdrawal and recur rapidly after gluten ingestion. Besides gluten, other wheat proteins as well as fermentable oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides and polyols (FODMAPs) may contribute to this syndrome. This syndrome occurs mainly in young women, being rare in children. Its prevalence ranges from 0.6% to 6%, based on primary or tertiary care center estimates. No biomarker is available, but half of patients tests positive for IgG anti-gliadin antibodies, which disappear quickly after gluten-free diet together with symptoms. Also, genetic markers are still undefined. Although currently limited to a research setting, double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over trial strategy is recommended to confirm the diagnosis. Treatment is based on dietary restriction with special care to nutrient intake.</p> </sec> </abstract>