Daily sodium consumption and CVD mortality in the general population: systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Issue 4 (22nd May 2014)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Poggio, Rosana; Gutierrez, Laura; Matta, María G; Elorriaga, Natalia; Irazola, Vilma; Rubinstein, Adolfo
• Is Part Of: Public health nutrition. Volume 18:Issue 4(2015)
• Page Start: 695
• Page End: 704
• Publication Date: 2014-05-22
• Subjects: Nutrition -- Periodicals; Nutrition policy -- Periodicals; Public health -- Periodicals; 613.2
• DOI: 10.1017/S1368980014000949
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1368-9800

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="normal"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="abs1" sec-type="general"> <title>Objective</title> <p>The purpose of the present study was to determine whether elevated dietary Na intake could be associated with CVD mortality.</p> </sec> <sec id="abs2" sec-type="general"> <title>Design</title> <p>We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies representing the general population. The adjusted relative risks and their 95 % confidence intervals were pooled by the inverse variance method using random-effects models. Heterogeneity, publication bias, subgroup and meta-regression analyses were performed.</p> </sec> <sec id="abs3" sec-type="general"> <title>Settings</title> <p>MEDLINE (since 1973), Embase (since 1975), the Cochrane Library (since 1976), ISI Web of Science, Google Scholar (until September 2013) and secondary referencing were searched for inclusion in the study.</p> </sec> <sec id="abs4" sec-type="general"> <title>Subject</title> <p>Eleven prospective studies with 229 785 participants and average follow-up period of 13·37 years (range 5·5–19 years).</p> </sec> <sec id="abs5" sec-type="general"> <title>Results</title> <p>Higher Na intake was significantly associated with higher CVD mortality (relative risk=1·12; 95 % CI 1·06, 1·19). In the sensitivity analysis, the exclusion of studies with important relative weights did not significantly affect the results (relative risk=1·08; 95 % CI 1·01, 1·15). The meta-regression analysis showed that for every increase of 10 mmol/d in Na intake, CVD mortality increased significantly by 1 % (<italic>P</italic>=0·016). Age, hypertensive status and length of follow-up were also associated with increased CVD mortality.</p> </sec> <sec id="abs6" sec-type="general"> <title>Conclusions</title> <p>Higher Na intake was associated with higher CVD mortality in the general population; this result suggests a reduction in Na intake to prevent CVD mortality from any cause.</p> </sec> </abstract>