Amphotericin B deoxycholate nasal spray administered to hematopoietic stem cell recipients with prior fungal colonization of the upper airway passages is associated with low rates of invasive fungal infection. Issue 1 (14th January 2015)

• Record Type: Journal Article
• Authors: Trifilio, S.M.; Heraty, R.; Zomas, A.; Zhou, Z.; Fong, J.L.; Liu, D.; Zhao, C.; Zhang, J.; Mehta, J.
• Is Part Of: Transplant infectious disease. Volume 17:Issue 1(2015)
• Page Start: 1
• Page End: 6
• Publication Date: 2015-01-14
• Subjects: Transplantation of organs, tissues, etc -- Complications -- Periodicals; Communicable diseases -- Periodicals; Infection -- Periodicals; 617.01
• DOI: 10.1111/tid.12324
• Languages: English
• ISSNs: 1398-2273

Abstract

<abstract abstract-type="main" id="tid12324-abs-0001"> <title>Abstract</title> <sec id="tid12324-sec-0001" sec-type="section"> <title>Background</title> <p>Invasive fungal infections cause major problems during hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Fungal colonization of the upper airway passages occurs frequently, and may serve as a portal of entry for potentially life‐threatening fungal infections, especially in immunocompromised patients.</p> </sec> <sec id="tid12324-sec-0002" sec-type="section"> <title>Methods</title> <p>A clinical practice was instituted at Northwestern Memorial Hospital in Chicago in 2005, to administer amphotericin B deoxycholate nasal spray (ABNS) 0.5% to all HSCT recipients with fungal colonization of their nasal passages, in addition to standard oral antifungal prophylaxis.</p> </sec> <sec id="tid12324-sec-0003" sec-type="section"> <title>Results</title> <p>Among 1945 HSCT patients treated during the study period, 109 patients were identified with positive fungal surveillance cultures.</p> </sec> <sec id="tid12324-sec-0004" sec-type="section"> <title>Conclusion</title> <p>Breakthrough fungal infections occurred in only 2 patients (2%), thus in this select group of HSCT recipients, ABNS administration is associated with a very low rate of breakthrough infection.</p> </sec> </abstract>